走马楼西汉简中的经济作物管理  

Management of Economic Crops in the Zoumalou Bamboo Slips from Western Han

作　　者：罗启龙 Luo Qilong

机构地区：[1]贵州大学历史与民族文化学院先秦史研究中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中州学刊》2024年第2期141-150,共10页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“秦汉三国简牍经济史料汇编与研究”(19ZDA196);2018年度湖南省哲学社会科学基金青年项目“秦汉时期生态资源变迁问题研究”(18YBQ021);贵州大学人文社会科学研究课题“秦汉生态环境变迁若干问题研究——以出土简牍为中心”(GDQN2021022)。

摘　　要：走马楼西汉简中“非纵火时擅纵火”的辞例为汉武帝时期的案例,该案所焚烧的“梅材”“茭草”属于经济价值较高的野生经济作物,而汉代律令对仓■、私人田园以及野生山林区域的同一类经济作物有不同的保护规定。“纵火”应当指代火田开荒,而“时”则代表时禁,但“纵火时”可能因地貌不同,要求各异。生长于河谷地区的灌木、禾草等“草田”可能于七月焚烧,但乔木植被茂密的山林地区自七月砍伐后,很可能十月才允许烧山。走马楼西汉简另一辞例“长沙临湘少内禁钱计误脱案”中所输药材应为地方上贡之“献”,而中央政府通过文书与校券等方式对“四时献”的物品进行严格监管。The phrase“setting fire without authorization”in the Western Han Dynasty bamboo slips of Zoumalou was a case from the period of Emperor Wu of Han.The“plum wood”and“water bamboo grass”burned in this case belonged to wild economic crops with high economic value,while the Han Dynasty laws and regulations had different protection provisions for the same type of economic crops in warehouses,private fields,and wild mountain and forest areas.“Arson”should refer to the cultivation of wildfire fields,while“shi”represented the prohibition of time.However,“arson”may have different requirements due to different landforms.Shrubs,grasses,and other“grass fields”growing in river valleys may be burned in July,but in mountainous areas with dense tree vegetation,burning of mountains was likely to be allowed only in October after the trees were logged in July.Another example of the wording in the Western Han Dynasty bamboo slips of Zoumalou was the“Miscalculation of Money Prohibited in the Shaonei District of Linxiang,Changsha”.The medicinal materials transported should be“presented”as local tribute,and the central government strictly regulated the items“presented during the four seasons”through documents and school vouchers.

关 键 词：走马楼 汉简 经济作物 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]