面向适航验证的人工造雪晶核直径实验研究及应用  

Experimental Study and Application of Artificial Snow Nuclei Diameter for Airworthiness Verification

作　　者：加欢 周晓庆 蔡爱峰 李春煜 吴静怡[1] 戴铮[2] 崔燚[2] JIA Huan;ZHOU Xiaoqing;CAI Aifeng;LI Chunyu;WU Jingyi;DAI Zheng;CUI Yi(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200240 [2]上海飞机设计研究院,上海201210

出　　处：《真空与低温》2024年第2期172-179,共8页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：上海市“科技创新行动计划”启明星项目(扬帆专项)(23YF1419100);上海交通大学新进青年教师启动计划(22X010500267)。

摘　　要：为了满足国产大飞机的适航试验需求,为扬雪、降雪试验提供规定密度与含水量的雪质,开展结冰风洞造雪实验,对不同工况下的人造雪进行采样和显微观察,利用图像识别算法进行数据分析,探究环境温度、风速、成雪距离、气水比等因素对冰晶生长的影响。结果表明:较大的环境过冷度有利于冰晶的快速生长,导致冰晶平均直径的减小,小于5℃的过冷度有利于冰晶均匀稳定生长;风速的降低与成雪距离的增加均可促进冰晶的直径增大;相比于气水比为1.1时,在气水比为1.2的工况下,较高的气相比例可以促进液滴的成核,然而过低的液相水比例会限制冰晶直径的增长。This study aimed to investigate the impact of various factors,such as environmental temperature,wind speed,snow formation distance,and air-to-water ratio,on ice crystal growth.The experiment was conducted in an icing wind tunnel to provide prescribed snow conditions for snow uplift and snowfall tests,which are essential for the airworthiness testing of domestically-produced large aircraft.The snow samples were collected and observed under different conditions,and image recognition algorithms were utilized for data analysis.The results showed that a higher degree of environmental supercooling can facilitate rapid ice crystal growth but can lead to a decrease in the average crystal diameter.Supercooling below 5℃promoted uniform and stable ice crystal growth.Additionally,reducing wind speed and increasing snow formation distance can lead to an increase in ice crystal diameter.A higher gas-phase proportion in an air-to-water ratio of 1.2 can promote liquid droplet nucleation,compared to an air-to-water ratio of 1.1.However,a low liquid-phase water ratio can limit ice crystal diameter growth.

关 键 词：结冰风洞 图像识别 显微观测 冰晶粒径 

分 类 号：TB69[一般工业技术—制冷工程] P48[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]