温室环境控制方法研究现状分析与展望  

Analysis and prospect of the environmental control systems for greenhouse

作　　者：胡瑾 杨永霞 李远方 侯军英 孙章彤 王浩宇 何东健[2,3] HU Jin;YANG Yongxia;LI Yuanfang;HOU Junying;SUN Zhangtong;WANG Haoyu;HE Dongjian(College of Information Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Key Laboratory for Agricultural Internet of Things,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学信息工程学院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,杨凌712100 [3]农业农村部农业物联网重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第1期112-128,共17页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1100602-3);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-ZDLNY-66)。

摘　　要：环境控制方法是实现温室蔬菜高效生产的关键。随着现代控制技术的快速发展,温室环境控制方法逐步从手动、定时控制方法,转变为设定值控制和智能控制等方式。该文概述了以设定值为目标实现环境控制的方法,归纳了模糊控制、解耦控制、人工智能控制和表型控制等智能控制方法的特点,总结了现有温室环境调控领域控光、控温、控气、通风、灌溉和“云-边-端”协同控制系统的优劣。针对现存问题,指出该领域的发展趋势为构建考虑扰动因素影响的温室环境控制方法,研制基于作物生长和表型评价体系的环境调控模型,以及建立多模型融合的“云-边-端”协同温室环境调控系统。相关技术的发展将为温室的智能化与信息化发展提供重要的决策依据和借鉴意义。Facility agriculture is one of the most important indicators to achieve efficient and high-quality crop production in modern agriculture.Optimal environmental parameters can also be adjusted to improve crop growth,yield,and quality in the greenhouse.Therefore,environmental control and regulation technologies have been widely used to achieve efficient vegetable production.This review aims to summarize the recent research status in the field of environmental regulation in greenhouses.New approaches were also proposed for future research priorities.Greenhouse environment system was gradually shifted from the manual and timed to the threshold,feedback,and intelligent control systems,with the rapid development of artificial intelligence(AI)technology.Firstly,the main properties of different control systems were evaluated from an application perspective.Among them,the threshold control was simple and widely used,but it failed to adjust the control strategy in time following the dynamic changes of the external environment,in order to meet the needs of crops for light,water,and nutrients.The feedback control shared the stable environment through feedback regulation but was unsuitable for the complex multivariable conditions.Intelligent control was widely used to balance the interaction between different environmental factors in modern greenhouses.Afterward,the intelligent control methods were investigated for greenhouse environments,including fuzzy,decoupling,neural network,and environmental control,according to the crop phenotype parameters.Specifically,the mathematical model was independent of the controlled object in the fuzzy control,and easy to handle with nonlinear issues.However,the outline fuzzy was difficult to handle the sudden disturbances in the regulation system.In decoupling control,the appropriate control strategies were designed to transform the multiple parameters with coupling effects into a single variable.The regulation model was also constructed to integrate the multiple environmental factors and cro

关 键 词：温室 模型 环境控制 智能算法 调控模型 多目标优化算法 环境调控系统 

分 类 号：S-1[农业科学] S626.5