花斑裸鲤MSTN-1基因克隆及表达特性分析  

Cloning and Expression Analysis of MSTN-1 Gene in Gymnocypris eckloni

作　　者：贺彩霞 李长忠 保长虹 王丽楠 严青春 金文杰 赵娟 王国杰 简生龙 王振吉 陈艳霞 HE Caixia;LI Changzhong;BAO Changhong;WANG Linan;YAN Qingchun;JIN Wenjie;ZHAO Juan;WANG Guojie;JIAN Shenglong;WANG Zhenji;CHEN Yanxia(College of Eco-Environmental Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai Fisheries Technology Extension Center,Qinghai Province,Xining 810012,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学生态环境工程学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省渔业技术推广中心,青海西宁810012

出　　处：《华北农学报》2024年第1期228-238,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：青海大学生态环境工程学院生态学世界一流学科科技创新项目(2022-stxy-Y9);青海省科协中青年科技人才托举工程(2022QHSKXRCTJ34)。

摘　　要：花斑裸鲤是黄河上游重要的冷水性土著鱼类,其生长、发育缓慢,性成熟又较晚,故多年来其种群一直呈下降趋势。MSTN(肌肉生长抑制素)是一种对肌肉生长具有负调控作用的因子,通过克隆花斑裸鲤MSTN-1基因并检测其表达特性,为花斑裸鲤生长缓慢的分子调控机理提供基础资料。采用PCR、5′-RACE和3′-RACE法获得花斑裸鲤MSTN-1基因全长cDNA序列,采用qPCR检测MSTN-1基因在花斑裸鲤不同组织的表达特征和在不同鲤科鱼类肌肉组织中的差异性表达。花斑裸鲤MSTN-1基因的cDNA序列全长为2190 bp,其中ORF长1128 bp,5′UTR长96 bp,3′UTR长966 bp,共编码375个氨基酸。该蛋白是带有一个信号肽、无跨膜结构的不稳定亲水性分泌蛋白,主要分布在细胞核、线粒体和细胞质中。MSTN-1蛋白质二级结构以无规卷曲为主,存在2个TGF-β结构域:即TGF-β前肽区域(37—268 aa)和TGF-β功能区域(281—375 aa),有1个蛋白酶水解位点RIRR和9个位于TGF-β功能区域保守的半胱氨酸残基。氨基酸序列同源性分析表明,花斑裸鲤MSTN-1氨基酸序列与其他鲤科鱼类MSTN-1具有较高的相似性,而与禽类和哺乳动物的相似性较低。系统发育分析显示,花斑裸鲤MSTN-1与其他鲤科鱼类聚于同一进化支。qPCR检测结果表明,MSTN-1在花斑裸鲤的脑、肌肉、鳃、心、肝脏和肾脏组织中均有表达,但在脑和肌肉组织中表达量较高。该基因在不同鲤科鱼类肌肉组织中均有表达,在青海湖裸鲤肌肉组织中的表达量最高,其次在花斑裸鲤和黄河鲤鱼肌肉组织中。通过克隆获得花斑裸鲤MSTN-1基因cDNA序列,进行生物信息学分析和qPCR检测,MSTN-1在这几种土著鱼类肌肉组织中的特征性表达差异有助于进一步了解高原鱼类生长缓慢的分子机理。Gymnocypris eckloni is an important cold-water indigenous fish from the upper reaches of the Yellow River.Because of its slow growth and development and late sexual maturity,its population has been declining for many years.MSTN(Muscle Growth Inhibitor)is a factor that negatively regulates muscle growth.This study cloned the MSTN-1 gene of G.eckloni and examined its expression characteristics to provide basic information on the molecular regulation mechanism of growth retardation in G.eckloni.The full-length cDNA sequence of MSTN-1 gene was obtained by PCR,5′-RACE and 3′-RACE.qPCR was used to detect the expression characteristics of MSTN-1 gene in different tissues of G.eckloni and in muscle tissues of different Cyprinidae fishes.The full length of the cDNA sequence of MSTN-1 gene was 2190 bp,with an open reading frame of 1128 bp,a 5′UTR of 96 bp,and a 3′UTR of 966 bp,encoding a total of 375 amino acids.MSTN-1 was an unstable hydrophilic secretory protein containing a signal peptide and no transmembrane structure,which was mainly distributed in the nucleus,mitochondria and cytoplasm.The secondary structure of MSTN-1 protein was dominated by random curls,and exists in two TGF-βstructural domains:namely,the TGF-βprepeptide region(37—268 aa)and the TGF-βfunctional region(281—375 aa).MSTN-1 protein contained one the proteolytic site RIRR and nine conserved cysteinee in the TGF-βfunctional region.Amino acid sequence homology analysis showed that the amino acid sequence of MSTN-1 from G.eckloni had high similarity with other Cyprinidae fishes MSTN-1s and low similarity with mammalian and avian MSTN-1s.Phylogenetic analyses showed that the MSTN-1 of the G.eckloni clustered in the same evolutionary branch with other Cyprinidae fishes.The results of Real-time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR showed that MSTN-1 was expressed in brain,muscle,gill,heart,liver and kidney tissues of the G.eckloni,but the expression was higher in brain and muscle tissues.The gene was expressed in the muscle tissues of different Cypr

关 键 词：花斑裸鲤 肌肉生长抑素(MSTN) 基因克隆 RACE 基因表达 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]