东莞市虎门镇某工业园区产业工人对《职业病防治法》的知信行调查  

Knowledge,attitude,and practice of Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases among industrial workers in an industrial park in Humen Town,Dongguan City

作　　者：苏学倩 方瀛 张彩霞[1] SU Xueqian;FANG Ying;ZHANG Caixia(School of Public Health and Management,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学公共卫生与管理学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2023年第12期1424-1430,共7页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[背景]职业病防治事关劳动者健康权益,事关社会和谐稳定,《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》(简称《职业病防治法》)的颁布实施为促进我国职业卫生管理的法制化与规范化,保障劳动者健康权益提供了强有力的法律武器。[目的]了解东莞市虎门镇某工业园区产业工人对《职业病防治法》的认知、态度和行为得分情况及其影响因素。[方法]采取整群抽样的方法,选取东莞市虎门镇某工业园区1278名产业工人作为调查对象进行认知、态度、行为(KAP)问卷调查。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据处理,分析研究对象关于《职业病防治法》的KAP水平及其影响因素。[结果]发放问卷1278份,回收有效问卷1270份,有效问卷回收率99.37%。该园区1270名产业工人《职业病防治法》KAP总达标率为87.77%,其中,总认知知晓率为85.20%(8656/10160),总防治态度正确率为91.05%(8094/8890),总防控行为符合率为87.19%(4429/5080)。KAP平均得分为(35.72±10.46)分,其中,认知得分为(23.36±9.19)分,态度得分为(6.37±0.92)分,行为得分为(5.98±1.54)分。Pearson相关性分析显示,产业工人对《职业病防治法》的认知分别与态度(r=0.440,P<0.01)、行为(r=0.463,P<0.01)正相关,态度与行为正相关(r=0.403,P<0.01)。二元逻辑回归分析结果显示男性相对于女性的KAP及格率更高(OR=1.736,95%CI:1.252~2.407);不同教育程度研究对象的KAP及格率差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05);从事电子生产和电缆制造行业的工人比食品行业工人的KAP及格率更高(OR=1.914、2.669,95%CI:1.213~3.019、1.242~5.732)、工厂管理员比普通操作工人的KAP及格率更高(OR=2.694,95%CI:1.481~4.901);相比50~60岁的员工,年龄在20岁以下的员工其KAP及格率较低(OR=0.361,95%CI:0.161~0.808);与食品行业员工相比,从事物流行业的调查对象《职业病防治法》KAP及格率较低(OR=0.424,95%CI:0.207~0.868)。[结论]东莞市虎门镇该工业园区产业�[Background]Prevention of occupational diseases is related to workers'health rights and social harmony and stability.The enactment and implementation of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases(the law)has provided a powerful legal tool to promote the legalization and standardization of occupational health management in China and protect workers'health rights and interests.[Objective]To investigate the knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)scores of the law and its influencing factors among industrial workers in an industrial park in Humen Town of Dongguan City.[Methods]By cluster sampling,1278 industrial workers from an industrial park in Humen Town,Dongguan City were selected as respondents to conduct a questionnaire survey on KAP of the law.SPSS 25.0 software was used for data processing to analyze the KAP scores and associated influencing factors.[Results]There were 1278 questionnaires distributed,1270 valid questionnaires collected,with an effective recovery rate of 99.37%.The total correct response rate of KAP of the 1270 industrial workers about the law was 87.77%,among which,the total awareness rate was 85.20%(8656/10160),the total agreement rate of prevention and control attitude was 91.05%(8094/8890),and the total compliance rate of prevention and control behavior was 87.19%(4429/5080).The average score of KAP was 35.72±10.46,among which the average knowledge score was 23.36±9.19,the average attitude score was 6.37±0.92,and the average behavior score was 5.98±1.54.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the workers'cognition of the law was positively correlated with attitude(r=0.440,P<0.01)and behavior(r=0.463,P<0.01),respectively,and attitude was positively correlated with behavior(r=0.403,P<0.01).The results of binary logistic regression showed that the correct response rate of KAP of men was higher than that of women(OR=1.736,95%CI:1.252,2.407).There was a statistically significant difference in the correct response rate of KAP amo

关 键 词：知信行 《职业病防治法》 产业工人 影响因素 职业健康 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]