张锡纯运用牛膝探析  

Essentials of Zhang Xichun’s application of achyranthis bidentatae

作　　者：杨铠滔 张璐 孙旭 李佳 刘怀民[2] YANG Kaitao;ZHANG Lu;SUN Xu;LI Jia;LIU Huaimin(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学第二临床医学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省肿瘤医院,河南郑州450008

出　　处：《陕西中医》2024年第3期416-419,共4页Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合资助项目(U2004105);河南省科技发展计划项目(212102310342);河南省中医药科学研究专项课题(2022ZY1224);河南省医学科技攻关计划省部共建项目(SBGJ202103032)。

摘　　要：张锡纯溯源《神农本草经》,在继承前人认识的基础上,通过多年临床与思考,不断深化对牛膝的认识,在著作《医学衷中参西录》中对牛膝的用法用量、主治范围及药物配伍做出了详细精当、独具匠心的论述,并创制了许多牛膝新方。张锡纯不为功效所拘,而是以药性为主导,重视牛膝沉降之作用趋势及善下行之性,常用量在11~37 g不等,临床以引血下行为核心,用其通降上逆之气、火、水液,并载药下行,广泛用于心脑血管、头面五官、下肢、妇科、泌尿、消化等疾病中。同时,张锡纯也十分重视牛膝的配伍,如镇逆之牛膝配赭石,温通之牛膝配黄芪,引经之牛膝配桂枝。张锡纯应用牛膝的经验打破了常规思路,在继承的基础上勇于创新并留下了大量医案,为后世医家提供了用药方法与思路。Zhang Xichun origin is traced back to the‘Shen Nong’s herbal classic’.On the basis of inheriting understanding of predecessors,through years of clinical practice and thinking,it continuously deepens its understanding of Achyranthes bidentata.In his book‘Yixue Zhongzhong Can Xi Lu’,it provides detailed and ingenious discussions on the usage,dosage,indications,and drug compatibility of Achyranthes bidentata,created many new formulas foRAchyranthes bidentata.Zhang Xichun is not limited by Achyranthis bidentatae’s efficacy,but ratheRby its medicinal properties.He values the trend of settlement of Achyranthes bidentata and its good downward movement.The commonly used dosage ranges from 11 g to 37 g.In clinical practice,it is used to lead pathogenic blood to the lowerpart,lowerQi,fire,and water,and load downward the drugs.It is widely used in diseases such as cardiovascular,head,five sense,lowerlimbs,gynecology,urology and digestion diseasess.At the same time,Zhang Xichun also attaches great importance to the compatibility of Achyranthes bidentata,such as inversing Qi by using tranquil drugs’Achyranthes bidentata with ochre,warming and regulating’s Achyranthes bidentata with astragalus,and ineridian guiding’s Achyranthes bidentata with cinnamon twigs.Zhang Xichun’s experience in applying Achyranthes bidentata broke conventional thinking,and on the basis of inheritance,he bravely innovated and left behind a large numberof medical records,which provides medication methods and ideas foRfuture doctors.

关 键 词：牛膝 引血下行 引火下行 载药下行 功效 药性 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]