三维打印在软骨组织工程中的应用  

Application of three-dimensional printing in cartilage tissue engineering

作　　者：于淑颖 李昱 程新好 张怡君 刘铮 闫成祥 谢百慧 王喜梅[1] Yu Shuying;Li Yu;Cheng Xinhao;Zhang Yijun;Liu Zheng;Yan Chengxiang;Xie Baihui;Wang Ximei(Department of Plastic Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院整形外科,郑州450000

出　　处：《中华整形外科杂志》2024年第1期99-106,共8页Chinese Journal of Plastic Surgery

摘　　要：在过去的几十年中, 软骨的再生已经取得了巨大的进展。传统构建组织工程软骨支架的技术主要包括孔剂法(或模板法)、相分离法、气体发泡法、冷冻干燥法、静电纺丝法等。软骨是异质性的, 传统支架很难模拟软骨的高度各向异性结构。因此, 软骨的功能再生具有挑战性。随着三维打印技术的进步, 通过生物材料、细胞和活性生物分子的共沉积, 使制备精细结构、梯度变化的功能性仿生支架成为可能, 从而实现功能性软骨再生。该文详细阐述了三维打印技术及其在不同解剖位置(关节、耳廓、鼻)软骨再生中的应用。此外, 还讨论了制备具有区域结构梯度和区域成分梯度的仿生构建体的重要性。三维生物打印、四维打印技术及智能材料为仿生组织和器官的构建带来了希望。In the past decades,significant progress has been achived in cartilage regeneration.The traditional techniques for constructing tissue engineering cartilage scaffold mainly include pore agent method(or template method),phase separation method,gas foaming method,freeze-drying method,electrospinning method,etc.Cartilage is heterogeneous,and it is difficult for traditional scaffolds to simulate the high anisotropy of cartilage.Therefore,functional regeneration of cartilage is challenging.With the progress of three-dimensional(3D)printing technology,it is possible to prepare functional bionic scaffolds with fine structure and gradient changes through co-deposition of biomaterials,cells and active biomolecules,so as to achieve functional cartilage regeneration.This article reviewed 3D printing technology of cartilage tissue engineering,and the application of 3D printing technology in cartilage regeneration at different anatomical positions(articular cartilage,auricle cartilage,nasal cartilage).In addition,the importance of preparing bionic constructs with regional structure gradient and regional composition gradient was discussed.3D bioprinting technology,4D printing techniques,smart biomaterials brought hope for the construction of bionic tissues and organs.

关 键 词：组织工程学 软骨 三维打印 三维生物打印 关节软骨 耳软骨 鼻软骨 

分 类 号：TP391.73[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] R318.08[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]