论元代宫廷杂剧演出  

On the Court Performance of Zaju in the Yuan Dynasty

作　　者：李文胜 LI Wensheng

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学戏剧与影视学院

出　　处：《戏剧艺术》2024年第1期87-92,93-98,109,共13页Theatre Arts

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“交通视域下的元代少数民族汉语诗歌研究”(20BZW105)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：元代宫廷很少演出元杂剧,目前没有确切文献证明元代宫廷有其演出。从20世纪中期开始就一直存在“蒙元皇帝喜欢戏曲并促进杂剧繁荣”这样的说法,事实上蒙古皇帝并不喜欢元杂剧,目前没有文献证明他们看过元杂剧演出。有宫廷经历的元代文人都没有描写蒙元皇帝观看杂剧的诗歌,相反,他们的诗歌中有大量记载蒙元皇帝观看歌舞、杂戏、滑稽戏以及参与佛事活动的作品。元代宫廷杂剧演出情况并不好,元代宫廷构不成元杂剧的演出中心。“宫廷中心论”实际是学者对元代宫廷杂剧演出情况过于乐观的产物,有先入为主之嫌。Zaju were rarely performed at the court of the Yuan Dynasty,as evidenced by the lack of relevant and accurate documents.Since the mid-20th century,however,there has been a saying that"Mongol Yuan Dynasty emperors liked Xiqu and promoted the prosperity of Zaju".In fact,the Mongol emperors were not interested in Zaju.So far,there is no extant document to prove that the emperors attended Zaju performances.None of the literati of the Yuan Dynasty with the privilege of entering the court wrote poems describing any court performance of Zaju,but there are a large number of works describing the Mongol emperors watching songs and dances,acrobatics,burlesques and participating in Buddhist activities.There were few court performances of Zaju in the Yuan Dynasty,so the Yuan court was hardly the performance center of Zaju.The"court-centered theory"is the product of scholars over-optimism about the performance of Zaju in the Yuan Dynasty court,and is inaccurately taken for granted.

关 键 词：元代 宫廷 杂剧演出 教坊 

分 类 号：J80[艺术—戏剧戏曲]