社会养老保险遗属抚恤法治的反思与重塑  

Legal Analysis on Bereavement Benefits in Social Pension Insurance

作　　者：胡川宁[1] HU Chuan ning

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学经济法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《思想战线》2024年第1期150-163,共14页Thinking

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新业态下社会保险的关系结构及其法律表达研究”阶段性成果(22XFX010)。

摘　　要：为解决私法制度在面对扶养义务人死亡风险时的失灵问题,现代社会养老保险制度自诞生伊始就涵盖了遗属抚恤。我国劳动保险也早在20世纪50年代就为非因工死亡参保人员遗属设立了抚恤制度。然而,这种劳动保险遗属抚恤制度已难以适应新时代的要求。我们亟须探索建立一套新型社会养老保险遗属抚恤制度,以充分发挥互助共济功能,实现死亡风险的社会化治理。其主要特点包括:制度模式上统一于由社会养老保险基金负责提供资金;遗属范围上与民法扶养义务人的范围保持一致;抚恤金申请上以遗属有抚恤必要为前提;死亡事由上具有无条件性;待遇标准上实现对民法扶养费的替代。The modern social pension insurance system has included bereavement benefits since its inception in order to overcome the inadequacy of private law system in dealing with death risk ofsupport obligors. China’s labor insurance also set up a pension system for survivors of insured persons who died of non-work-related deaths as early as the fifties of the last century.However,the systemcannot adapt to the requirements of the new era.A new social pension insurance system needs to be established to give full play to the function of mutual assistance and to realize the socializedgovernance of death risk.Its main features include:first,the survivors’ pension are to be funded by the social pension fund;second,there is a consistency between the scope of survivors and that of civillaw dependents;third,pension applications are subject to the survivor’s need for a pension;fourth,the cause of death is unconditional;fifth,there is an alternative to civil law maintenance in the standardof treatment.

关 键 词：社会养老保险 遗属抚恤 互助共济 私法失灵 社会化治理 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]