外源内生型社会组织参与农村社会治理何以可能?  

Why Is It Possible for Exogenous-Endogenous Social Organizations to Participate in Rural Social Governance?

作　　者：聂建亮[1] 赵腾 吴玉锋[1] NIE Jianliang;ZHAO Teng;WU Yufeng(School of Public Administration,Northwest University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710127)

机构地区：[1]西北大学公共管理学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《长白学刊》2024年第2期124-135,共12页Changbai Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“农村失能老人家庭照护的社会网络支持研究”(22BSH089)。

摘　　要：社会组织参与农村社会治理有助于提升社会治理效能,契合了国家推动社会组织积极参与乡村振兴的要求。与外源型和内生型社会组织不同,外源内生型社会组织主要由村庄外部主体动员成立,由村内精英运行,具有参与农村社会治理的优势,但因缺乏外部资源的持续性输入,导致很多外源内生型社会组织运行困难。本文以运行较好的一个外源内生型社会组织陕西省T村老年协会为个案,探讨外源内生型社会组织参与农村社会治理的机理。研究发现,通过一定的组织行为,外源内生型社会组织可以形成参与农村社会治理的各项机制,如与其他治理组织互相嵌入的组织机制,政府资助、社会捐赠与用者付费相结合的多元化筹资机制,定期活动串联重塑村庄节奏的链接机制,规范活动程序与采取预防措施的风险防范机制,以声誉、信任和互惠为关键因素巩固集体行动领导力的领导机制,从而保障外源内生型社会组织有效参与农村社会治理,助力乡村振兴。The participation of social organizations in rural social governance contributes to enhancing the effectiveness of social governance,which is in line with the official requirements of attracting social organizations to actively participate in rural revitalization.In contrast to exogenous social organizations and endogenous social organizations,the exogenous-endogenous social organizations are primarily initiated by external entities but operated by local elites.They have the advantage of participating in rural social governance.However,due to the lack of sustained input from external resources,many exogenous-endogenous social organizations face difficulties in operation.This article takes a well-functioning exogenous-endogenous social organization,the T Village Elderly Association in Shaanxi Province,as a case study to explore the mechanism of exogenousendogenous social organizations participating in rural social governance.Research has found that through certain organizational behaviors,exogenous-endogenous social organizations can form various mechanisms to participate in rural social governance.These mechanisms include the organizational mechanisms embedded between the organizations and other governance organizations,the diversified fundraising mechanism combining government funding,social donations,and user payments,the linkage mechanism restructuring village rhythms through regular activities,the risk prevention mechanism with standardized activity procedures and implemented preventive measures,and the leadership mechanism that consolidates collective action leadership with reputation,trust and reciprocity as key factors.These mechanisms can ensure the effective participation of exogenous-endogenous social organizations in rural social governance,and assist in rural revitalization.

关 键 词：外源内生型社会组织 农村 社会治理 参与机制 老年协会 

分 类 号：D638[政治法律—政治学]