香葱伴生番茄对青枯病及根际微生态特征的影响  

Effects of Companion Chives on Bacterial Wilt and the Micro-ecological Characteristics of Tomato Rhizosphere

作　　者：佘小漫[1] 姚挺 黄真珍 何自福[1] SHE Xiaoman;YAO Ting;HUANG Zhenzhen;HE Zifu(Institute of Plant Protection,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Guangzhou 510145,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点试验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点试验室,广东广州510640 [2]广东省农业技术推广中心,广东广州510145

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2024年第1期10-20,共11页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0202090002);广东省现代农业产业共性关键技术研发创新团队建设(2023KJ113);广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)(R2023PY-JG011);广东省农业科学院“十四五”学科团队建设项目(202105TD);广东省乡村振兴战略专项(粤农农计〔2023〕13号)。

摘　　要：【目的】为明确香葱伴生对番茄青枯病及根际微生态特征的影响,揭示香葱伴生番茄降低青枯病发病率的机理。【方法】通过田间试验设置番茄单作和香葱伴生番茄2个处理,分别采集单作发病番茄(QK)、单作健康番茄(NBS)和香葱伴生番茄(BS)的根际土壤,应用16S rDNA高通量测序和液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)技术,探究香葱伴生对番茄根际微生态特征的影响。【结果】田间试验结果表明,番茄单作处理和香葱伴生番茄处理的青枯病平均病株率分别为50.48、31.43%,香葱伴生番茄处理对番茄青枯病的防治效果为37.74%。16S rDNA高通量测序结果表明,BS、NBS根际土壤细菌群落相对丰度和多样性均显著高于QK;与QK相比,BS和NBS根际土壤细菌茄科雷尔氏菌属相对丰度显著降低,而芽孢杆菌属相对丰度升高;与NBS相比,BS根际土壤细菌茄科雷尔氏菌属相对丰度降低,芽孢杆菌属相对丰度显著提高。利用LC-MS技术共鉴定出番茄根际土壤代谢物586种,其中正离子模式代谢物320种,负离子模式代谢物266种,并将代谢物的功能注释至新陈代谢、遗传信息加工和环境信息加工等代谢通路;与NBS相比,BS根际土壤代谢物中的缬氨酸、L-天冬酰胺和柠檬酸的含量均显著降低,L-赖氨酸、谷氨酸、D-谷氨酰胺和异亮氨酸的含量也低于NBS,但差异未达到显著水平。【结论】香葱伴生番茄显著降低番茄青枯病田间发病率,改变了番茄根际土壤中细菌群落结构和番茄根际土壤代谢物含量。【Objective】The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of associated chives on bacterial wilt and micro-ecological characteristics of tomato rhizosphere,and to reveal the mechanism of reducing incidence of tomato bacterial wilt.【Method】Two treatments of tomato monoculture and tomatoes with chives were set for field experiments,and rhizosphere soils of diseased tomatoes in tomato monoculture treatment(QK),healthy tomatoes in tomato monoculture treatment(NBS)and tomatoes with chives treatment(BS)were collected.And the effects of companion chives on the micro-ecological characteristics of tomato rhizosphere were investigated by using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.【Result】The results of field experiments showed that the average disease incidence of tomato bacterial wilt were 50.48%in tomato monoculture treatment and 31.43%in companion chives treatment.The control effect of companion chives on tomato bacterial wilt was 37.74%.According to the resulyts of 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing,the relative abundance and diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soils of BS and NBS were significantly higher than those of QK.Compared with QK,the relative abundance of Ralstonia in the rhizosphere soils of BS and NBS was significantly lower than that of QK,and the relative abundance of Bacillus was higher than that of QK.Moreover,compared with NBS,the relative abundance of Ralstonia in the rhizosphere soil of BS was reduced,and the relative abundance of Bacillus was significantly enhanced.A total of 586 metabolites in tomato rhizosphere soil were identified by using LC-MS,including 320 positive ion mode metabolites and 266 negative ion mode metabolites.The functions of metabolites were annotated to metabolic pathways such as metabolism,genetic information processing and environmental information processing.Compared with NBS,the contents of valine,L-asparagine and citric acid in BS rhizosphere soil were significantly lower than those in NBS,and the

关 键 词：香葱伴生 番茄青枯病 根际土壤细菌 根际土壤代谢物 防效 

分 类 号：S436.412[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]