餐厨垃圾发酵饲料替代部分基础日粮对肉鸡生长性能和肉质风味的影响  

Effects of Partial Replacement of Basal Diets by Fermented Kitchen Waste Feed on Growth Performance and Meat Flavor of Broilers

作　　者：张翩 李荷钥 颜欣 盛炎明 李锦清 郭素茵 王晓虎 王刚 ZHANG Pian;LI Heyue;YAN Xin;SHENG Yanming;LI Jinqing;GUO Suyin;WANG Xiaohu;WANG Gang(Institute of Animal Health,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention/Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640,China;Shenzhen Tenglang Renewable Resources Development Co.,Ltd,Shenzhen 518068,China;Guangdong Modern Agricultural Equipment Research Institute,Guangzhou 510640,China;Qingyuan Qingcheng District Animal Health and Epidemic Prevention Center,Qingyuan 511599,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物卫生研究所/农业农村部禽流感等家禽重大疾病防控重点实验室/广东省畜禽疫病防治研究重点实验室/农业农村部兽用药物与诊断技术广东科学观测实验站,广东广州510640 [2]深圳市腾浪再生资源发展有限公司,广东深圳518068 [3]广东省现代农业装备研究所,广东广州510630 [4]清远市清城区动物卫生防疫中心,广东清远511599

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2024年第1期108-115,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省清远市清城区国家现代农业产业园项目;广东省农业科学院协同创新中心项目(XTXM202202);广东省动物疫病野外科学观测研究站项目(2021B1212050021)。

摘　　要：【目的】将餐厨垃圾发酵产生的饲料部分替代基础日粮饲喂麻黄肉鸡,评价其可行性和有效性,以期为餐厨垃圾饲料资源化利用和推广提供基础数据。【方法】选取1日龄麻黄肉鸡,分别在基础日粮中添加0%(CK)、10%、20%发酵餐厨垃圾饲料(Fermented kitchen waste feed,FKWF),并相应减少等量的基础日粮。试验期63 d,测定麻黄肉鸡的生长性能、屠宰性能和鸡肉中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙、磷、锌、硒、肌苷酸和氨基酸等营养性能指标。【结果】肉鸡生长性能结果显示,10%、20%FKWF组肉鸡与CK组之间的料重比差异不显著,但10%FKWF组肉鸡增重最高。屠宰性能结果显示,10%、20%FKWF组肉鸡肤色、肌肉组织弹性、pH和气味均无异常,与CK组相比脏器系数差异不显著。鸡肉营养性能结果显示,10%、20%FKWF组鸡肉中粗蛋白含量较CK组分别增加7.50%和3.42%,磷含量分别显著增加11.44%和4.37%,肌苷酸含量分别显著增加7.10%和6.00%;10%、20%FKWF组鸡肉中鲜味氨基酸(FAA)、甜味氨基酸(SAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)和氨基酸总量(TAA)均显著高于CK;10%FKWF组中天门冬氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸和半胱氨酸较CK显著提高4.49%~12.79%;20%FKWF组中天门冬氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸较CK组显著提高3.37%~5.74%。【结论】餐厨垃圾发酵产生的生物饲料按一定比例替代肉鸡基础日粮是可行和有效的,可节省饲料成本,提高经济效益。【Objective】The study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of feeds produced by fermented kitchen waste to spotted-brown chickens as a partial replacement of basal diets,with a view to providing basic data for the resource utilization and promotion of kitchen waste feed.【Method】One-day-old spotted-brown chickens were selected,and 0%(CK),10%and 20%fermented kitchen waste feeds(FKWF)were added to the basal diet,and the amount of basal diet was reduced accordingly.At the 63rd day of the test period,the growth performance,slaughter performance and nutritional performance indexes such as crude protein,crude fat,calcium,phosphorus,zinc,selenium,inosinic acid and amino acids in chicken meat were measured.【Result】The results of broiler growth performance showed that the differences in feed-to-weight ratios between broilers in the 10%and 20%FKWF groups and CK were not significant,however,broilers in the 10%FKWF group had the highest weight.The results of slaughter performance showed that there were no abnormality in the skin color,muscle tissue elasticity,pH and odor of broilers of 10%and 20%FKWF groups,and the differences in organ coefficients were not significant compared with that of CK;the results of muscle nutritional performance showed that the crude protein contents of chicken meat in 10%and 20%FKWF groups increased by 7.50%and 3.42%,phosphorus contents increased significantly by 11.44%and 4.37%,and inosinic acid contents increased significantly by 7.10%and 6.00%;the fresh-flavored amino acid(FAA),sweet amino acid(SAA),essential amino acid(EAA),and total amino acid(TAA)were significantly higher in 10%and 20%FKWF groups than those in CK;aspartic acid,glycine,alanine,valine,isoleucine,leucine,tyrosine,phenylalanine,histidine and cysteine were significantly increased by 4.49%to 12.79%compared with CK;aspartic acid,valine,isoleucine,and leucine in the 20%FKWF group were significantly increased by 3.37%and 5.74%,compared with CK.【Conclusion】It is feasible and effective to replace the b

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 麻黄肉鸡 生长性能 屠宰性能 氨基酸 肉质风味 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]