上海市企业空间结构演化研究  

The Evolution of the Spatial Structure of Enterprises in Shanghai

作　　者：周慧敏 孙斌栋[1,2,3] 古荭欢 张婷麟[1,2,3] ZHOU Huimin;SUN Bindong;GU Honghuan;ZHANG Tinglin

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国行政区划研究中心,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学未来城市实验室,上海200241 [3]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241 [4]北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校城市与区域规划系,美国教堂山27599-3140 [5]上海社会科学院城市与人口发展研究所,上海200023

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2023年第12期9-17,共9页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“构建大中小城市协调发展格局研究”(23ZDA049)。

摘　　要：采用空间圈层划分法分析了新中国成立以来上海市企业空间结构演化过程。研究表明,上海市企业空间结构目前处于中心增长慢于郊区增长的相对郊区化阶段,但总体上仍呈现服务业企业主导的单中心格局;相比较而言,制造业分散的时间更早且空间范围更广,在郊区已形成次中心集聚,体现了不同产业的集聚经济差异性。上海企业空间结构与美国典型大城市企业空间结构早期演化轨迹一致,后者目前已进入中心负增长和外围正增长的绝对郊区化阶段,制造业和服务业企业都已呈现多中心空间结构特征。美国城市工商企业郊区化滞后于人口郊区化,是市场机制下就业岗位追随人口迁移的表现;而上海则是工业郊区化先于人口和服务业郊区化,体现了政策干预的影响。研究揭示了城市企业空间结构长时期的演化过程和规律,为城市未来企业空间发展布局提供了重要借鉴。This study analyzes the evolution process of the spatial structure of Shanghai enterprises,since the founding of New China by using the method of spatial circle division.The results show that the spatial structure of Shanghai′s enterprises is overall still monocentric,while it is undergoing a process from clustering in the city center to dispersing in the suburbs.Compared with the service industry and producer service industry,the manufacturing industry disperses earlier and has a wider spatial range,clustering in the suburbs and forming subcenters,reflecting the agglomeration economy differences in different sectors.Compared to typical big cities in the United States,the spatial structure of Shanghai follows the same evolutionary trajectory but has different development processes.The spatial structure of enterprises in Shanghai is still in the relatively suburbanization stage,where the growth in the central area is slower than that in the suburbs,while typical big cities in the United States are in the absolute suburbanization stage where the growth in the central area is negative and the growth in the suburbs is positive.In the United States,the urban suburbanization of urban industrial and commercial enterprises lags the suburbanization of the population,aligning with the market law of employment after population migration.In contrast,Shanghai′s industrial suburbanization precedes population and service suburbanization,reflecting the influence of policy intervention.This study not only reveals the long⁃term evolution of the spatial structure of urban enterprises,but also provides important reference for the future spatial development layout of urban enterprises.

关 键 词：企业空间结构 演化研究 比较研究 集聚与分散 上海 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学] F293.1[经济管理—国民经济]