珍珠港事件后巴西对日侨战时管制政策研究  

Brazil's Wartime Control Policy Applied to Japanese Immigrants after the Pearl Harbor Incident

作　　者：杜娟[1] DU Juan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界历史研究所,100101

出　　处：《史林》2023年第6期35-42,214,共9页Historical Review

摘　　要：1941年日本偷袭珍珠港,点燃了第二次世界大战太平洋战争的导火索。为了防止战火进一步波及美洲大陆,并协调地区国家的战时政策,1942年美洲反法西斯防御体系正式建立。巴西瓦加斯政府放弃了“务实的平衡政策”,选择支持美国,加入同盟国反击法西斯,并同轴心国断交。巴西政府出于国家安全考虑,对日侨等轴心国侨民采取战时管制政策,出台各种禁令控制和约束侨民的日常活动,没收轴心国所属公司和侨民资产,在轴心国侨民比较集中或具有重要战略意义的地区疏散、驱逐和关押三国侨民。这些举措既是20世纪30年代以来巴西民族主义高涨的时代产物,也是国际局势急剧变化的必然结果。The present paper,reconstructing the history in which Brazil's Vargas government joined the American Anti-Fascist Defense System,broke off diplomatic relations with the Axis powers,and applied a series of wartime control policies to immigrants from Axis countries and Japan in particular,such as bans on immigrants' daily activities,confiscation of assets,and expelling immigrants,concludes that these measures were not only a product of the rising Brazilian nationalism since the 1930s but also an inevitable result of dramatic changes in the global situation.

关 键 词：巴西 珍珠港事件 日本移民 战时管制 民族主义 

分 类 号：K777.52[历史地理—历史学]