7种樟科植物叶功能性状及其对土壤因子的响应  

Functional Properties and Relationship with Soil of Leaves on 7 Varieties of Lauraceae

作　　者：刘爱林 张往祥[1] 刘陈妤 高亮 杨晓倩 周婷 崔珺 LIU Ailin;ZHANG Wangxiang;LIU Chenyu;GAO Liang;YANG Xiaoqian;ZHOU Ting;CUI Jun(College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210037,China;College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350028,China;Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem.Sun Yat-Sen/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210014,China;Huangshan University,Huangshan,Anhui 245001,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林草学院,江苏南京210037 [2]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350028 [4]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所/南京中山植物园/江苏省植物资源研究与利用重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [5]黄山学院,安徽黄山245001

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2023年第12期1428-1436,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学研究一般项目(KJHS2019B13)。

摘　　要：【目的】植物叶片是生物环境变化的指示器,研究叶功能性状可以深入探究植物自身的调节机制,为选择适宜的地区树种栽培提供参考。【方法】以黄山学院校园内7种樟科植物:香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)、天竺桂(Cinnamomum japonicum)、紫楠(Phoebe sheareri)、乌药(Lindera aggregata)、山胡椒(Lindera glauca)、檫木(Sassafras tzumu)和浙江楠(Phoebe chekiangensis)为试材,对其叶片长、宽、鲜重、干重、SPAD值、叶面积及相应的土壤指标进行测定,并计算叶形指数、比叶面积、比叶质量和叶干物质含量,比较探究同科不同种间植物叶片功能的差异性,同时分析各叶功能性状间以及性状和土壤因子间的相关性。【结果】(1)紫楠和浙江楠虽在外观形态上表现相似,但紫楠的叶功能性状均值普遍大于浙江楠,且浙江楠种内叶功能性状变异系数(CV)为0%~10%;(2)乌药和山胡椒虽同为林下栽培,但乌药叶片SPAD值、叶干物质含量显著高于山胡椒,而山胡椒的比叶面积、叶面积却显著高于乌药;(3)檫木属落叶乔木,其变异系数普遍高于其他常绿树种;(4)各叶功能性状间及与土壤因子间呈现出显著相关性,其中土壤电导率与比叶质量的相关性最强(R^(2)=0.6463)。【结论】不同种的樟科植物在相同生境下会形成不同的响应机制,落叶树种依赖“高效-瞬时型”效应,而常绿树种依赖“稳定-持久型”效应;植物叶功能性状是鉴定树种的手段之一,可用来辨别外形相似的2个树种;浙江楠为外来引种,其叶功能性状变异系数在种内较低,通过多年观测能在生长期内正常开花结实,因此可视为引种成功;此外在实际生产中通过监控土壤电导率能有效反应植物叶片比叶质量的高低变化。【Objective】Reflecting environmental conditions,the functional properties of plant leaves were analyzed to understand the regulation mechanisms to improve forestation.【Method】Length,width,area,fresh and dry weights,and SPAD of leaves on Cinnamomum camphora,Cinnamomum japonicum,Phoebe sheareri,Lindera aggregata,Lindera glauca,Sassafras tzumu,and Phoebe chekiangensis at the campus of Huangshan University were measured to derive the indexes,specific area,mass per area,and dry matter content of them.Properties of the soils on which the plants grew were tested to correlate with the leaf functional traits using the single factor analysis of variance and multiple comparisons.【Result】①P.sheareri was morphologically like P.chekiangensis but generally scored higher on the functional indicators with a coefficient of variation in the range of 0≤CV≤10%.②L.aggregata had significantly higher leaf SPAD and dry matters content but lower specific area and area than L.glauca.③Deciduous S.tzumu was generally higher than evergreens on the coefficient of variation.④Soil conductivity was extremely significantly correlated with the leaf mass per area of the trees grown on the land with an R^(2)=0.6463.【Conclusion】Various Lauraceae plants grown on similar habitats differed in response to environmental conditions.Deciduous trees responded to the changes"effectively and transiently",while evergreens"stably and persistently".The functional properties of the leaves on a plant could be used to distinguish species with a similar outward appearance.Showing a low coefficient of variation on the leaf functional traits and consistent flowering and fruiting in the years of observation,P.chekiangensis was considered a choice candidate for forestation.In a forest,the electrical conductivity of the soil could be monitored to effectively predict the changes in leaf mass per area of the trees.

关 键 词：樟科植物 叶功能性状 土壤因子 差异性 相关性 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]