2017年陕西省某偏远地区儿童脊髓灰质炎中和抗体水平研究  

Levels of neutralizing antibodies in poliomyelitis children in remote areas of Shaanxi in 2017

作　　者：李鹂[1] Li Li(Institute of Planned Immunization(Vaccine Clinical Evaluation Center),Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi′an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心计划免疫所(疫苗临床评价中心),西安710054

出　　处：《山西医药杂志》2024年第1期18-21,共4页Shanxi Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析2017年陕西省某偏远地区儿童(0~12岁)脊髓灰质炎中和抗体水平。方法2017年1月至2017年12月在陕西省阎良区、临潼区、高陵区、长安区、邑区等偏远地区由区疾病预防中心开展免疫规划相关疾病的血清学流行病。调查对象的抽样采用随机分层随机抽样方法调查陕西省5个区0~12岁儿童,共计获得1800例。采用微量细胞培养法检测血样中抗体水平。结果不同年龄组PVⅠ型和PVⅢ型抗体阳性率比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.94;χ^(2)=21.93;P均<0.05)。抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)水平随着年龄增长而呈下降趋势,差异具有统计学意义(F=44.87;F=78.96;P均<0.05)。男童和女童间,PVⅠ型和PVⅢ型抗体阳性率和抗体GMT水平的差别均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.18;χ^(2)=0.70;t=0.42;P均>0.05)。不同地区之间PVⅠ型和PVⅢ型抗体阳性率比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.80;χ^(2)=10.04;P均<0.05),其中长安区PVⅠ型和PVⅢ型抗体阳性率最高。不同地区之间抗体GMT水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(F=69.17;F=81.12;P均<0.05)。不同免疫次数之间PVⅠ型和PVⅢ型抗体阳性率比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=144.14;χ^(2)=109.20;P均<0.05),其中3~4次免疫儿童PVⅠ型和PVⅢ型抗体阳性率最高。不同免疫次数之间抗体GMT水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(F=56.78;F=77.82;P均<0.05)。结论陕西省偏远地区儿童脊髓灰质炎中2种类型抗体阳性率以及抗体GMT水平较高,可能与脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种普及有关。Objective To analyze the levels of neutralizing antibodies in poliomyelitis children(0~12 years)in remote areas of Shaanxi in 2017.Methods An epidemiological investigation was performed on 1800 children(0~12 years)at disease prevention centers in remote areas(Yanliang District,Lintong District,Gaoling District,Chang’an District,Huyi District)in Shaanxi from January to December in 2017.The levels of antibodies in blood samples were detected by the microcell culture method.Results There were significant differences in positive rates of PVⅠand PVⅢantibodies in different age groups(χ^(2)=16.94;χ^(2)=21.93;P<0.05).With the increase of age,level of antibody geometric mean titer(GMT)was decreased(F=44.87;F=78.96;P<0.05).There was no significant difference in positive rates of PVⅠand PVⅢantibodies or GMT levels between boys and girls(χ^(2)=0.18;χ^(2)=0.70;t=0.42;P>0.05).There were significant differences in positive rates of PVⅠand PVⅢantibodies in different areas(χ^(2)=9.80;χ^(2)=10.04;P<0.05),which were the highest in Chang′an District(P<0.05).There were significant differences in GMT levels in different areas(F=69.17;F=81.12;P<0.05).There were significant differences in positive rates of PVⅠand PVⅢantibodies in children with different immunization times(χ^(2)=144.14;χ^(2)=109.20;P<0.05),which were the highest in children with 3~4 times of immunization(P<0.05).There were significant differences in GMT levels in children with different immunization times(F=56.78;F=77.82;P<0.05).Conclusion The positive rates of two antibodies and GMT levels are higher in poliomyelitis children in remote areas of Shaanxi,which may be related to the popularization of poliomyelitis vaccination.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎 儿童 广泛中和抗体 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]