基本权利社会平衡功能之实现——以个人信息权为例  

Realization of the Function of Basic Rights to Balance Society——Taking Personal Information Rights as an Example

作　　者：马康凤 Ma Kangfeng

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院

出　　处：《人权》2023年第6期55-78,共24页Human Rights

基　　金：阐释党的十九届四中全会精神国家社科重大项目“宪法实施保障机制的中国特色与制度建构研究”(项目批准号:20ZDA030);教育部人文社科重点基地重大项目“新时代智能社会背景下人权和基本权利的新发展”(项目批准号:19JJD820011)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：基本权利的主要功能在于防范国家公权力。传统基本权利理论以“国家权力-个体权利”的二元框架展开逻辑建构,处理“国家-个体”之间的二元平面关系。但现代社会的复杂性提升,使其内部分化出了不同的利益需求,且形成了新的社会权力,产生了私主体间的不对等关系。进入数字时代,这一现象变得尤为严重,表现为数据权力的兴起及私主体对个人信息的频繁且严重的侵入。为此,基本权利的价值应辐射到社会内部,发展出平衡社会之功能。以个人信息保护为例,应在革新基本权利规制社会的理念的基础上,进一步加强国家在个人信息保护问题中的保护义务,同时确立作为基本权利的个人信息权对数据私权力主体的直接效力,以实现其平衡社会各方利益的功能。The main function of basic rights,is defending against the public power of the state.The traditional theory of basic rights constructs logic based on the dualistic framework of‘state power and individual rights",and deals with the dualistic horizontal relationship between"the state and individuals".However,the increasing complexity of modern society has led to the emergence of different interests and needs within society and the formation of new social powers,resulting in an unequal relationship between private subjects.In the digital era,this phenomenon has become particularly prominent,evidenced by the rise of data-based power and the frequent and serious intrusion of personal information by private subjects.In this context,the value of basic rights should radiate within society and function as a balancing force.Taking the protection of personal information as an example,while innovating the idea of regulating society through basic rights,the state's obligation to protect personal information should be fur-ther strengthened.Meanwhile,the direct effect of personal information rights,as a basic right of human beings,on the private subjects of data rights should be established,so as to realize its function in balancing the interests of all parties in society.

关 键 词：基本权利 数据权力 个人信息保护 直接效力 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] D922.16[政治法律—法学]