防滑控制策略对机车车轮的损伤影响研究  

Effect of Anti-slip Control Strategy on Locomotive Wheel Tread Damage

作　　者：郭欣茹 杨云帆[1] 凌亮[1] 陈哲 王开云[1] 翟婉明[1] GUO Xinru;YANG Yunfan;LING Liang;CHEN Zhe;WANG Kaiyun;ZHAI Wanming(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031;CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412001)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [2]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,株洲412001

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第22期369-379,共11页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2268210,52072317,51825504)。

摘　　要：在低黏着轮轨接触条件下重载机车车轮易出现空转或打滑现象,因此重载机车一般配置防滑控制模块。提出一种基于扰动观测的最优阈值PID防滑控制模型;基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,建立重载列车-轨道三维耦合动力学模型,系统地对比在制动工况下,最优阈值PID防滑控制模型和传统再黏着防滑控制模型在不同轮轨接触界面黏着条件下的轮轨接触行为及对车轮踏面损伤的影响。研究结果表明,防滑控制模型对轮轨接触行为及车轮损伤影响显著;在制动和轮轨低黏着接触条件下车轮会发生打滑现象,此时防滑控制器会被触发;在低黏着接触条件下,相比于再黏着防滑控制策略,采用最优阈值PID防滑控制策略时轮轨黏着利用率更高,但会增大车轮踏面的滚动接触疲劳损伤。The heavy-haul locomotives are widely equipped with anti-slip control modules with an aim to preventing wheel slipping under poor wheel/rail adhesion conditions.An improved PID-based anti-slip controller with optimal control threshold is proposed in this study,in which the disturbance observation is employed to judge the wheel/rail friction conditions.A three-dimensional heavy-haul train-track interactional model is established based on the vehicle-rail coupled dynamics theory.The wheel-rail contact behaviour and wheel tread fatigue damage with respect to the proposed anti-slip controller and re-adhesion anti-slip controller are compared carefully with the changing wheel-rail adhesion conditions and braking loadings.The results show that the anti-slip control strategy is of great importance to wheel/rail contact behaviour and wheel surface damage.The anti-slip controller will be triggered once the powered wheelset slips under the low-adhesion conditions.The wheel-rail adhesion utilization of the PID-based anti-slip controller with optimal control threshold is higher than that of the re-adhesion anti-slip controller,whereas the wheel surface damage will be more serious with utilization of the improved anti-slip controller.

关 键 词：重载机车 扰动观测器 最优阈值PID防滑控制模型 车辆-轨道耦合动力学 车轮踏面损伤 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]