清净剂、分散剂与ZDDP复配对a-C薄膜摩擦学性能的影响  

Effect of Detergent,Dispersant,and Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate on the Tribological Properties of Amorphous-C Films

作　　者：张绍筠 岳文[1,2] 王艳艳 黄海鹏[3] 张广安 ZHANG Shaojun;YUE Wen;WANG Yanyan;HUANG Haipeng;ZHANG Guang’an(School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Zhengzhou Research Institute,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Zhengzhou 450001,China;Beijing Research Institute of Sinopec Lubricants Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China;Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)工程技术学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)郑州研究院,郑州450001 [3]中国石化润滑油有限公司北京研究院,北京100085 [4]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国表面工程》2023年第6期90-99,共10页China Surface Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875537)。

摘　　要：固-液复合润滑系统是获得高燃油经济性和高耐用性发动机系统的关键技术。极压抗磨剂二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate,ZDDP)、清净剂高碱基磺酸钙(Over-base calcium sulfonate,OBCa Su)与分散剂聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺(Polyisobutylene succinimide,PIBSI)作为配方润滑油中使用最广泛的三种润滑油添加剂,与常用发动机表面强化薄膜类金刚石(Diamond-like carbon,DLC)薄膜复配下摩擦学性能的相关研究仍较少。利用非平衡磁控溅射方法制备a-C薄膜,通过CSM摩擦磨损试验机评价ZDDP与OBCa Su(ZDDP+OBCa Su)、ZDDP与PIBSI(ZDDP+PIBSI)复配条件下a-C薄膜的摩擦学性能,并利用拉曼光谱、SEM和EDS能谱等手段分析摩擦化学反应,探究摩擦机理。结果表明,ZDDP、ZDDP+OBCa Su和ZDDP+PIBSI润滑三种润滑条件下,GCr15钢和a-C薄膜磨损表面形成含磷酸盐的摩擦反应膜,两者摩擦学性能随润滑剂的变化规律相似。ZDDP+OBCa Su复配润滑下,磨损表面形成的Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)和Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)复合摩擦反应膜可以提高GCr15钢和a-C薄膜的抗磨损性能。ZDDP+PIBSI复配润滑下,GCr15钢和a-C薄膜摩擦学性能下降。通过对比研究传统润滑油添加剂在GCr15钢和a-C薄膜表面的摩擦学行为和摩擦化学反应机理,为a-C薄膜在发动机系统中应用以及研发适配a-C薄膜的润滑油配方提供数据支持和理论指导。The solid-liquid composite lubrication system is a key technology for achieving high-fuel-economy and high-durability engine systems.Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have high hardness,a low friction coefficient,and good biocompatibility,thereby being widely applied in engine system,involving valve lifters,piston rings,etc.It is well known that the performance of oil lubricants is highly correlated with the chemical composition of the grinding surface materials.Previous studies have shown that Fe~(2+)from ferrous materials directly takes part in the tribochemical reactions of oil lubricants.DLC films exhibit chemical inertness,in contrast to traditional ferrous materials.However,the current formulas for engine oil lubricants are universally developed for ferrous materials,and a special lubricant formula for DLC films needs urgent improvement.The extreme-pressure antiwear agent zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP),the detergent calcium persulfonate (OBCa Su),and the dispersant polyisobutylene succinimide (PIBSI)are the most widely used additives in formulated lubricants.However,there is still limited research on the tribological properties of DLC films lubricated with the above additives.In this work,amorphous carbon (a-C) films were prepared via nonequilibrium magnetron sputtering,and the tribological properties of the a-C films under boundary lubrication conditions between ZDDP and OBCa Su (ZDDP+OBCa Su) and between ZDDP and PIBSI (ZDDP+PIBSI) were evaluated using a CSM tribometer.The tribochemical reactions were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),combined with the full formula (FF) oil and GCr15 steel,to explore the tribological mechanism of a-C films.The morphologies of worn surfaces were determined with a three-dimensional surface profilometer,and it can be seen that the main wear mechanism of a-C films against steel balls is abrasive wear.Under various lubrication conditions,the results indicate that the worn surfaces of the a-C films undergo g

关 键 词：类金刚石(DLC)薄膜 油润滑 二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(ZDDP) 摩擦 磨损 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]