基于车辆振动响应间接识别桥梁频率的模型试验研究  

Study on Laboratory Tests of Indirect Bridge Frequencies Identification Based on Vibration Responses of a Passing Vehicle

作　　者：吴晓生 林梓康 程俭廷 王身宁 周军勇 WU Xiaosheng;LIN Zikang;CHENG Jianting;WANG Shenning;ZHOU Junyong(Guangzhou Cheng'an Testing Co.Ltd,of Highway&Bridge,Guangzhou 510420,China;School of Civil Engineering,Guangzhou University.Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州诚安路桥检测有限公司,广东广州510420 [2]广州大学土木工程学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《石家庄铁道大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期16-23,共8页Journal of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52178280);广州市市校联合资助项目(SL2023A03J00897)。

摘　　要：为证明采用过桥车辆振动信号可以识别桥梁多阶振动频率,搭建了缩尺车桥耦合振动模型进行试验,研究了各类影响因素下采用二轴试验车对桥梁频率的识别效果.首先,介绍了缩尺车桥耦合振动的模型梁和试验车;其次,分析了传感器分别安装于模型梁、试验车底座和试验车顶座的振动信号,并对比这3种振动信号对桥梁频率的识别效果;最后,研究了悬架刚度、车身质量、路面粗糙度和运营车流激励对试验车间接识别桥梁频率的影响.结果表明,试验车底座的振动传感器可以识别得到桥梁前3阶竖向振动频率和前2阶扭转振动频率,与安装于桥梁振动传感器的频谱大致相同,说明该传感器不受车体振动影响;试验车顶座的振动传感器可以准确识别桥梁第一阶竖向振动频率,但是桥梁高阶频率受到车体自身振动频率干扰较难识别.各类影响因素主要影响试验车顶座振动传感器的桥梁频率识别效果,对试验车底座振动传感器的桥梁频率识别效果影响很小,证明了所设计试验车在间接测量桥梁动力特性的优越性.To demonstrate the ability of utilizing vehicle vibration signals to identify multiple bridge fre-quencies,a scaled vehicle-bridge interaction(VBI)laboratory test was constructed to scan bridge frequencies using a two-axle test vehicle under the impact of various factors.Firstly,descriptions were presented for the model beam and test vehicle in the scaled VBI lab test.Then,vibration signals acquired from sensors mounted on the model beam,bottom steel plate of the test vehicle,and the top steel plate of the test vehicle were compared to check their effectiveness in identifying bridge frequencies.Finally,the impact of suspension stiffness,vehicle mass,road surface roughness,and traffic-induced excitation on the indirect identification of bridge frequencies was investi-gated.The results show that the vibration sensor on the bottom plate of the test vehicle successfully identifies the first three vertical frequencies and the first two torsional frequencies of the bridge,which closely matched the spec-trum obtained from a sensor installed on the bridge.This finding indicates that the vibration of the bottom plate of the test vehicle is not significantly affected by the vehicle suspension and additional mass.However,the vibration sensor on the top plate of the test vehicle could accurately identify the first vertical vibration frequency of the bridge but could struggle to identify higher-order bridge frequencies due to interference from the vehicle frequency itself.Various factors primarily influenced the identification performance of bridge frequencies by the sensor on the top plate of the test vehicle,while their impact on the sensor on the bottom plate of the test vehicle was minimal,thus verifying the superiority of the designed test vehicle for indirectly scanning bridge frequencies.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 间接测量 频率 二轴车 模型试验 快速傅里叶变换 

分 类 号：U441.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]