The early life immune dynamics and cellular drivers at single-cell resolution in lamb forestomachs and abomasum  

作　　者：Kailang Huang Bin Yang Zebang Xu Hongwei Chen Jiakun Wang 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Dairy Science,College of Animal Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China [2]Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition,Ministry of Education,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China

出　　处：《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》2024年第1期218-235,共18页畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）

基　　金：partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Award number:D21C170001);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Award number:31973000)。

摘　　要：Background Four-chambered stomach including the forestomachs(rumen,reticulum,and omasum)and abomasum allows ruminants convert plant fiber into high-quality animal products.The early development of this four-chambered stomach is crucial for the health and well-being of young ruminants,especially the immune development.However,the dynamics of immune development are poorly understood.Results We investigated the early gene expression patterns across the four-chambered stomach in Hu sheep,at 5,10,15,and 25 days of age.We found that forestomachs share similar gene expression patterns,all four stomachs underwent widespread activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses from d 5 to 25,whereas the metabolic function were significantly downregulated with age.We constructed a cell landscape of the four-chambered stomach using single-cell sequencing.Integrating transcriptomic and single-cell transcriptomic analyses revealed that the immune-associated module hub genes were highly expressed in T cells,monocytes and macrophages,as well as the defense-associated module hub genes were highly expressed in endothelial cells in the four-stomach tissues.Moreover,the non-immune cells such as epithelial cells play key roles in immune maturation.Cell communication analysis predicted that in addition to immune cells,non-immune cells recruit immune cells through macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling in the forestomachs.Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the immune and defense responses of four stomachs are quickly developing with age in lamb's early life.We also identified the gene expression patterns and functional cells associated with immune development.Additionally,we identified some key receptors and signaling involved in immune regulation.These results help to understand the early life immune development at single-cell resolution,which has implications to develop nutritional manipulation and health management strategies based on specific targets including key receptors and signaling pathways.

关 键 词：Early life Forestomachs Four-chambered stomach Immune cells Immune system maturation MIF signaling RUMEN Ruminant development Single-cell transcriptomic sequencing 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]