长株潭地区农作物种植结构调整耕地蔬菜高效种植模式研究  

Research on Efficient Vegetable Cultivation Models for the Adjustment of Crop Planting Structure in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Areas

作　　者：李倩 闵子扬 梁成亮[1,2] 戴雄泽 杨建国[1,2] 李雪峰[1,2] 弭宝彬 汪端华[1,2] LI Qian;MIN Ziyang;LIANG Chengliang;DAI Xiongze;YANG Jianguo;LI Xuefeng;MI Baobin;WANG Duanhua(Hunan Vegetable Research Institute,Changsha 410125,China;The Vegetable Engineering Technology Research Center of Hunan Province,Changsha 410125,China;Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省蔬菜研究所,长沙410125 [2]湖南省蔬菜工程技术研究中心,长沙410125 [3]湖南农业大学,长沙410128

出　　处：《辣椒杂志》2023年第4期7-12,共6页Journal of China Capsicum

基　　金：财政部、农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-G-20);湖南省蔬菜产业技术体系质量安全与环境控制岗位;湖南省科技创新基金‘无性繁殖蔬菜种质资源评价与保存’(2022CX42)。

摘　　要：为指导长株潭镉污染耕地蔬菜安全生产及种植结构调整,本文随机选取了长株潭地区农作物种植结构调整区10个基地种植黄瓜、冬瓜、丝瓜、苦瓜、中国南瓜、西瓜、豇豆、叶用甘薯、菜薹、甘蓝10类蔬菜,结合产品镉积累量和经济效益,探讨最佳种植模式。结果发现,检测的蔬菜样品镉含量均未超过食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量限定值,在对应种植区域可安全生产;镉积累能力表现为叶菜类>豆类>瓜类,其中积累值最高的为叶用甘薯,最低为西瓜,中国南瓜、豇豆、丝瓜等积累能力较低。结果表明,结合经济效益、地力损耗等因素,推荐西瓜-甘蓝、丝瓜-甘蓝、丝瓜-菜薹、冬瓜-甘蓝、南瓜-甘蓝等5种种植模式作为长株潭地区农作物种植结构调整区的蔬菜种植模式。To guide the safe production and adjustment of vegetable planting structure in cadmium contaminated farmland in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan areas,10 planting bases were randomly selected in the structural adjustment area to plant 10 types of vegetables,including cucumber,wax gourd,luffa,bitter gourd,pumpkin,watermelon,cowpea,leaf sweet potato,cauliflower,and cabbage.The cadmium accumulation capacity of the product was analyzed and the optimal planting mode was explored.The results showed that the cadmium contents in the tested vegetable samples did not exceed the national food safety standard limit for food pollutants,and vegetables could be safely produced in the these planting areas.The cadmium accumulation capacities were ranked as leaf vegetables>beans>cucurbits.The highest cadmium accumulation was observed in the leaf sweet patatoes,while the lowest was observed in watermelon.The cadmium accumulation capacity was low in pumpkin(Cucurbita moschata),cowpea,and luffa.Taking into account the factors including economic benefits and soil erosion,five vegetable planting modes were recommended for adjusting crop planting structure in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan areas,including watermelon-cabbag,luffa-cabbage,luffa-cauliflower,wax gourd-cabbage,and pumpkin-cabbage.

关 键 词：镉 蔬菜种植模式 结构调整 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学]