大陆法系与普通法系在南非与苏格兰的融合  

The Fusion of Civil and Common Law in The Mixed Legal Systems of South Africa and Scotland

作　　者：科尼利厄斯·G.凡·德尔·马尔维 翟寅生(译)[4] 韩世远(校对)[5] Cornelius G.van der Merwe

机构地区：[1]斯坦林布什大学私法与罗马法系 [2]阿伯丁大学 [3]清华大学 [4]浙江省高级人民法院民四庭 [5]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《清华法律评论》2009年第1期81-93,共13页Tsinghua Law Review

摘　　要：当今世界在大陆法系与普通法系之外公认尚存在一种混合法系,其以南非与苏格兰为代表。南非的法制形成于荷兰东印度公司在开普敦的殖民地时期,随后由英国人取代荷兰,当地法律体系中的商法、宪法、行政法等被英国法取代,其后又经历了“再次民法化”、种族隔离结束后新宪法的颁布等过程,最终形成了合英国法与荷兰法的混合法系国家。而苏格兰则因教会法的传入、教会法院与世俗法院的援用,尤其是饱受罗马法教育的法律学生的壮大,而受到罗马法的深远影响。但随着其加入大不列颠王国,其宪法、行政法、商法等都受到了英国的巨大影响。混合法系证明了两大法系融合的可能性与诸多优势。The legal systems of the world are divided into two main categories namely civil law systems and common law systems,however,it is widely accepted that there's still a kind of mixed legal system which genuinely exists in South Africa and Scotland.The legal system in South Africa derived from the Dutch settlement and Dutch East India Company,then with replacement of Dutch colony by English,local commercial law,constitutional law and administrative law had been greatly influenced by common law.In the process of re-codification and promulgation of post-apartheid Constitution,a mixed system had been finally formed in South Africa.Whereby the genesis of Scotlan law was mainly based on the early infiltration of Roman law,through the application by both church courts and secular courts and gradual growth of a body of professional lawyers educated by Roman law.After Scotland joined the new Kingdom of Great Britain,its constitutional law,administrative law and commercial law all received English influence.The mixed legal system has proved many advantages of its own.

关 键 词：大陆法系 普通法系 混合法系 南非 苏格兰 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]