组织出卖人体器官罪的基本问题研讨  

Research on Organizing Others to Sell Organ Crime

作　　者：邓毅丞[1] Deng Yicheng

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院

出　　处：《清华法律评论》2013年第1期134-149,共16页Tsinghua Law Review

摘　　要：组织出卖人体器官罪的保护法益是身体健康权,因而组织出卖尸体器官的行为不构成本罪,而且,在危及他人生命的场合应认定故意杀人罪。立法者否定了供体出卖器官时的主体适格性,因此出卖器官者的承诺不阻却违法,买卖器官过程中实施摘除器官的行为人应构成故意伤害罪。器官的认定应采取实质性的标准,角膜等人体组织可解释为本罪中的器官,而骨髓则不行。本罪的器官范围与本罪法益没有必然联系,涉及生命安全的器官亦可作为本罪的人体器官,但是移植后必然导致供体死亡时不成立本罪的构成要件行为。基于组织行为的相对可罚规则,本罪的帮助犯应不可罚。本罪的组织行为不宜扩展至组织收买器官和单纯进行器官买卖的行为。Organizing others to sell their organ crime is punished by criminal law for protecting human's health,so it is not a crime if the defendant organize others to sell a body's organ.In the other way,if the seller will be killed while the organ is gotten,the organizer commits the murder.Legislator consider that the victim cannot consent to sell their organ,therefore,the doctor and others who are respossible to transplant the victim's organ immediately should commit the intent to injure crime.Organ is important and related to people's health,and there is no demand in shape,so cornea belongs to organ and marrow not.There is not positive connection between extent of organ and interest protected by this crime.Although people will die because of excising some organs,these organs already belong to the object of the crime,but the defendant will not be guilted of this crime because the act is part of murder.In terms of principle of relative punishment,assistant to commit the crime is not punished.It is not suitable to punish someone who organizes others to buy the organ and who buys and sells organs.

关 键 词：人体器官 身体健康权 组织行为 出卖器官 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]