生物降解塑料的分类和应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Classification and Application of Biodegradable Plastics

作　　者：刘金凤 者东梅[1] 杨勇[1] 胡孝义[1] 胡嘉伟 丁树岩[1] 李永泉[1] LIU Jin-feng;ZHE Dong-mei;YANG Yong;HU Xiao-yi;HU Jia-wei;DING Shu-yan;LI Yong-quan(SINOPEC(Beijing)Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化(北京)化工研究院有限公司,北京100013

出　　处：《塑料科技》2024年第1期117-123,共7页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：为缓解不可降解塑料废弃物带来的白色污染问题,发展生物降解塑料以部分替代不可降解塑料是研究热点。文章概述了生物降解塑料,介绍了石化基生物降解塑料和生物基生物降解塑料的特点和研究进展,并对其在医疗卫生、包装和地膜中的应用进展进行综述。文章指出:目前生物降解塑料的发展受成本、使用性能(如阻隔性能、力学性能、耐热性能等)限制较大,通过优化加工工艺、选择合适的助剂可提高生物降解塑料的综合性能。未来的研究应该在保证生物降解材料性能的同时降低其生产成本。To alleviate the problem of white pollution caused by non-biodegradable plastic waste,the development of biodegradable plastics as a partial substitute for non-biodegradable plastics is a hot research topic.The article provides an overview of biodegradable plastics,introduces the characteristics and research progress of petrochemical-based biodegradable plastics and bio-based biodegradable plastics.It also summarizes their applications in medicine and healthcare,packaging,and agricultural mulch films.It is pointed out that the current development of biodegradable plastics is significantly constrained by limitations in cost and performance,such as barrier properties,mechanical properties,and thermal resistance.However,the optimization of processing techniques and selecting suitable additives can enhance the overall performance of biodegradable plastics.Future research should ensure the performance of biodegradable materials and reduce their production costs.

关 键 词：石化基生物降解塑料 生物基生物降解塑料 包装领域 农用地膜 

分 类 号：TQ322.9[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]