铝电解惰性阳极在熔融电解质中腐蚀过程的研究进展  

Research progress of corrosion process of inert anode in molten electrolyte for aluminum electrolysis

作　　者：修梦 刘建华[1,2] XIU Meng;LIU Jianhua(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第1期34-46,共13页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：云南基础研究计划项目-面上项目(202101AT070093);2017年刘建华高层次人才平台建设项目(KKKP201763019)。

摘　　要：惰性阳极是原铝生产保持低碳化的重要研究方向,近些年,惰性阳极材料的研究取得长足进展。通过对惰性阳极材料进行分类,综述了不同种类(合金阳极、氧化物陶瓷阳极和金属陶瓷阳极)的惰性阳极在熔盐电解质中可能发生的腐蚀反应,主要探究发生的化学腐蚀和电化学腐蚀,以及腐蚀后可能对阳极的影响。明晰增加阳极耐腐蚀性的方法,或者通过抑制腐蚀反应的进行,来降低惰性阳极在冰晶石熔盐中的腐蚀速率,从而促进惰性阳极在铝电解行业中的可行性发展。Inert anodes are an important research direction to keep primary aluminum production low-carbon, and in recent years, considerable progress has been made in the study of inert anode materials. By classifying inert anode materials, the possible corrosion reactions of different types(alloy anodes, oxide ceramic anodes and metal ceramic anodes) of inert anodes in molten salt electrolytes are reviewed, mainly exploring the chemical and electrochemical corrosion that occurs and the possible effects on the anode after corrosion. To clarify ways to increase the corrosion resistance of anodes or to reduce the corrosion rate of inert anodes in cryolite molten salt by inhibiting the corrosion reaction, the development of viable inert anodes in the aluminum electrolysis industry was promoted.

关 键 词：惰性阳极 铝电解 抗腐蚀性 腐蚀机理 低碳 熔盐电解质 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF111.522