微波强化中和铅锌冶炼渣干燥机制研究  

Study on drying mechanism of microwave-enhanced neutralized lead-zinc smelting slag

作　　者：张朝波 杨坤[2] 尹为波 付光 张特 ZHANG Chaobo;YANG Kun;YIN Weibo;FU Guang;ZHANG Te(Yunnan Chihong Zn&Ge Co.,Ltd,Qujing 655011,China;Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司,云南曲靖655011 [2]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第1期81-87,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFC1904204)资助。

摘　　要：针对现行铅锌冶炼渣干燥周期长、过程污染大等问题,本文提出微波强化干燥新工艺,在分析原料物性状态的基础上,对中和铅锌冶炼渣高温介电及微波干燥影响因素进行分析,明确了微波强化中和铅锌冶炼渣干燥过程机制。结果表明,中和铅锌冶炼渣中含有结晶水的物相为CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O,自由水含量为30.2%,结晶水含量为7.2%,自由水与结晶水的吸波性能相似,且明显优于渣中其他物相;在粒径8 cm、厚度2.2 cm、微波功率700 W、干燥时间15 min条件下,微波干燥中和铅锌冶炼渣效果最优,自由水完全去除,结晶水去除率达到53.06%,总失水率为34.02%;微波干燥中和铅锌冶炼渣时,会引起中和铅锌冶炼渣的破裂分层,有助于实现快速高效干燥;相较常规干燥,微波干燥1 kg中和铅锌冶炼渣节约能耗16.98%(630 kJ),比常规多脱除5.40%的水分,干燥时间缩短87.5%。本论文所建立中和铅锌冶炼渣干燥技术具有明显优势。Aiming at the problems of long drying cycle and large process pollution of the current lead-zinc smelting slag, this paper proposes a new technology of microwave enhanced drying. On the basis of analyzing the physical properties of the raw materials, the high temperature dielectric and microwave drying factors of the neutralized lead-zinc smelting slag were analyzed, and the drying process mechanism of the microwave-enhanced neutralized lead-zinc smelting slag was clarified. The results show that the phase containing crystal water in the neutralized slag is CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O, the content of free water is 30.2%, and the content of crystal water is 7.2%. The wave-absorbing properties of free water and crystal water are similar, and obviously superior to other phases in slag. Under the conditions of particle size 8 cm, thickness 2.2 cm, microwave power 700 W, and drying time 15 min, microwave drying has the best effect of neutralized lead-zinc smelting slag, free water is completely removed, the removal rate of crystal water reaches 53.06%, and the total water loss rate is 34.02%. When the neutralized lead-zinc smelting slag is dried by microwave, it will cause cracking and stratification of the neutralized slag, which helps to achieve fast and efficient drying. Compared with conventional drying, microwave drying 1 kg neutralized lead-zinc smelting slag saves energy by 16.98%(630 kJ), removes 5.40% more water than conventional drying, and shortens drying time by 87.5%. The drying technology of neutralizing lead-zinc smelting slag established in this paper has obvious advantages.

关 键 词：中和铅锌冶炼渣 微波 介电特性 干燥机制 吸波性能 脱水 

分 类 号：TF814[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]