苜蓿与老芒麦混播对牧草产量及土壤养分的影响  

Effect of Alfalfa and Elymus sibiricus Mixture on Forage Yield and Soil Nutrients

作　　者：独双双 祁娟[1] 李霞 路欣 贾燕伟 赛宁刚 DU Shuangshuang;QI Juan;LI Xia;LU Xin;JIA Yanwei;SAI Ninggang(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of GrasslandEcosystem,Ministry of Education/Gansu Grassland Engineering Laboratory/China-US Center forGrazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第2期74-82,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660684);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-34);青海省科技厅重点实验室项目(2020-ZJ-Y03)资助。

摘　　要：为获得持续高产及土壤肥力显著改善的豆禾混播人工草地,选择建植第三年的青牧1号老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus cv.Qingmu No.1)和清水紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa cv.Qingshui)混播草地,对不同豆禾混播比例(2∶4、2∶5、2∶6、2∶7和2∶8)及播种方式(同行和间行)下牧草干草产量及土壤肥力特性进行综合评价,以获得最优种植模式。结果表明:混播方式与比例对牧草产量有极显著影响,其中,豆禾比2∶4同行混播干草产量最高,较老芒麦单播提高了7倍;各处理的土壤有机质含量无显著差异,但当豆禾比为2∶5时,同行混播的土壤全氮和间行混播的碱解氮含量显著高于其他混播处理,且分别较老芒麦单播显著增加80.00%和21.99%,其间行混播较苜蓿单播碱解氮含量显著增加17.47%;随着混播比例中老芒麦占比增高,土壤有效磷含量变化显著,其中豆禾比2∶8间行混播有效磷含量较老芒麦和苜蓿单播分别提高了1.4倍和2.4倍,豆禾比2∶7间行混播有效磷含量较苜蓿单播提高了1.7倍;豆禾比2∶6同行和间行混播全钾含量较苜蓿单播分别增加12.55%、9.04%,其速效钾含量显著高于单播,较苜蓿单播分别提高9.95%、8.95%,较老芒麦单播分别提高13.32%、11.26%;灰色关联度综合分析表明,混播处理均优于单播处理,其中豆禾比2∶5和2∶6同行混播模式相对较优。This study aimed to establish an artificial grassland with a legume-grass mixture to achieve sustained high yield and significant improvement in soil fertility.A mixed sowing grassland consisting of Qingmu No.1(Elymus sibiricus cv.Qingmu No.1)and Qingshui alfalfa(Medicago sativa cv.Qingshui)in the third year of planting was selected to evaluate the hay yield and soil fertility characteristics using dif⁃ferent legume-grass mixed ratios(2∶4,2∶5,2∶6,2∶7,and 2∶8)and sowing methods(mixed cropping and intercropping).The results showed that the mixed sowing method and ratio significantly influenced forage yield.The highest hay yield was achieved with a mixed ratio of 2∶4 using mixed cropping method,which was 7 times higher than with E.sibiricus monoculture.There was no significant difference in soil organic matter content among the treatments.Soil total nitrogen and available nitrogen contents with a mixed ratio of 2∶5 using the mixed cropping method and intercropping method were significantly higher than in other treatments,increasing by 80.00%and 21.99%,respectively,compared to E.sibiricus monoculture.Soil available nitrogen content with a mixed ratio of 2∶5 using the intercropping method increased by 17.47%compared with alfalfa monoculture.With an increase in E.sibiricus ratio,soil available phosphorus content changed significantly.Soil available phosphorus content with a mixed ratio of 2∶8 using the intercropping method increased by 1.4 and 2.4 times compared to E.sibiricus and alfalfa monocultures,respectively.Soil available phosphorus content with a mixed ratio of 2∶7 using the intercropping method increased by 1.7 times compared to alfalfa monoculture.Compared with alfalfa monoculture,soil total potassium content with a mixed ratio of 2∶6 using both mixed cropping and intercropping methods increased by 12.55%and 9.04%,respectively,and the soil available potassium content increased by 9.95%and 8.95%,respec⁃tively.Compared with E.sibiricus monoculture,soil available potassium content with

关 键 词：豆禾混播 混播模式 全量养分 速效养分 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]