我国南方稻田冬绿肥培肥增产效应的分析研究  

Analysis of Yield Increasing Effect of Winter Green Manure on Rice Fields in South China

作　　者：刘俊海 杨瑞雪 吴桂成[2] 谢勇 娄丽娟 沈益新 孙政国 LIU Junhai;YANG Ruixue;WU Guicheng;XIE Yong;LOU Lijuan;SHEN Yixin;SUN Zhengguo(College of Agro-grassland Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Bureau of Agriculture of Kunshan County,Kunshan 215300,China;Rural Work Bureau ofDianshanhu Township of Kunshan City,Kunshan 215345,China;Nanjing University(Suzhou)High-tech Research Institute,Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学草业学院,江苏南京210095 [2]昆山市农业技术推广中心,江苏昆山215300 [3]昆山市淀山湖镇农村工作局,江苏昆山215345 [4]南京大学(苏州)高新技术研究院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第2期111-120,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：苏州市农业科技创新项目(SNG2022049)。

摘　　要：以中国南方为研究区域,采用Meta分析方法,综合76篇相关文献中的1031个观察研究,定量分析南方稻田冬绿肥的培肥增产效应。结果表明,相比冬闲田,绿肥翻压还田可使水稻产量增加11.65%,土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮和全磷含量分别提高7.45%、16.73%、13.11%、6.88%、9.40%和12.27%,土壤容重降低5.48%,土壤微生物量氮、微生物量碳分别提高42.93%、34.87%,细菌、真菌和放线菌数量增加18.92%~59.24%,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性也分别提高18.81%、22.31%和3.39%。不同种类绿肥中,紫云英显著提高了水稻产量、土壤全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,多花黑麦草显著提高了土壤有机质含量。因此,我国南方稻茬种植冬绿肥可明显改善土壤质量,增加后茬作物水稻产量,提高稻田生态效应并兼顾种植效益。A Meta-analysis of 1031 observational studies from 76 related literatures was conducted to quantitative analysis the effect of winter green manure on rice field in southern China.The results showed that the yield of rice increased by 11.65%compared with the winter fallow field,the contents of soil organic matter,available nitrogen(N),available phosphorus(P),available potassium(K),total N and total P increased by 7.45%,16.73%,13.11%,6.88%,9.40%and 12.27%,respectively,and soil bulk density decreased by 5.48%,soil microbial biomass N and microbial biomass carbon increased by 42.93%and 34.87%,Bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes population increased by 18.92%-59.24%,and soil ure⁃ase,sucrase and catalase activities also increased by 18.81%,22.31%and 3.39%,respectively.Among different types of green manure,Chinese milk vetch significantly increased rice yield,soil total N,available N,available P and available K contents,and Italian ryegrass significantly increased soil organic matter con⁃tent.Therefore,planting winter green manure on rice stubble in south China could significantly improve soil quality,increase rice yield of succeeding crops,improve ecological effect of rice field and take into account the planting benefits.

关 键 词：南方稻田 绿肥还田 水稻产量 土壤生物学特征 Meta分析 

分 类 号：S142[农业科学—肥料学]