渗流输沙过程的颗粒运动状态和影响因素分析  

Soil Particles Movement of Seepage Induced Suffusion and Influencing Factors

作　　者：冯梅 王刚 张甲波[1,2] 白玉川 黄哲[3] FENG Mei;WANG Gang;ZHANG Jiabo;BAI Yuchuan;HUANG Zhe(Hebei Center of Marine Geological Resources Survey,Qinhuangdao 066000,Hebei,China;Marine Ecological Restoration and Smart Ocean Engineering Research Center of Hebei Province,Qinhuangdao 066000,Hebei,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省海洋地质资源调查中心,河北秦皇岛066000 [2]河北省海洋岸线生态修复与智慧海洋工程研究中心,河北秦皇岛066000 [3]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《水力发电》2024年第3期44-53,74,共11页Water Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52109097);河北省海洋岸线生态修复与智慧海洋工程研究中心开放基金项目(HBMESO2301)。

摘　　要：基于力学平衡,提出了渗流作用下土体内部颗粒运动的控制方程,计算了颗粒运动状态。同时综合考虑颗粒受力及输运容许度的随机分布,提出了颗粒运动概率的计算方法。通过与试验观测的临界水力梯度、输沙量和渗透系数的对比验证,证明颗粒运动方程和运动概率计算的可靠性。研究结果表明:土颗粒在由静起动的过程中做加速运动,加速历程很短,其运动特征与土颗粒粒径及孔隙率有关;渗流输沙过程中颗粒运动概率不断增加,主要是因为土体孔隙变大,可动颗粒受力增加,输运的几何容许度增加引起的。在渗流输沙的过程中,输沙率随时间是先增大后减小的,且与颗粒运动概率密切有关。在输沙的前期孔隙率是主要因素,而在后期可动颗粒的数量是主要影响因素。Based on mechanical equilibrium,the control equation of soil particles movement under seepage is proposed,and the particles movement state is calculated.With the comprehensively consideration of the statistical distribution of forces on movable particles and the geometrical permissibility,a calculation method for particle movement probability is also proposed.Comparing with the observed critical hydraulic gradient,soil particles loss and hydraulic conductivity changes,the rationality and reliability of the two calculation methods are proved.The results indicate that,(a)the soil particles will be accelerated by the seepage flow from the initial stationary and this acceleration is very fast,and the movement process is closely related to the particle size and the soil porosity;and(b)the particle movement probability will continuously increase during the development of particles loss,mainly due to the gradual porosity of soil matrix to enhance the external forces on movable particles and to increase the geometrical permissibility.The soil particles loss rate will first increases and then decreases with time,and is closely consistent with the changes of soil particles movement probability.The particles loss rate is mainly affected by the soil porosity initially,and is limited by the number of movable particles at the end.

关 键 词：渗流 颗粒运动 运动概率 输沙率 理论模型 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]