不同材质绝缘子积污特性与积污比研究  

Study on pollution characteristics and pollution ratio of insulators of different materials

作　　者：杜伟 于鑫悦 王阳阳 余波明 乔新涵 Du Wei;Yu Xinyue;Wang Yangyang;Yu Boming;Qiao Xinhan(Huai′an Power Supply Branch,State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Huai′an223001,China;School of Electrical Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]国网江苏省电力有限公司淮安供电分公司,江苏淮安223001 [2]中国矿业大学电气工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《能源与环保》2024年第1期208-213,共6页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2023QN1006)。

摘　　要：绝缘子污闪威胁着电力系统的稳定运行,污秽在绝缘子表面积聚是污秽闪络的前提,积污过程受绝缘子材质和天气条件等复杂因素的影响。因此,展开了江苏辖区不同材质绝缘子积污特性与积污比研究。首先,以江苏辖区输电线路自然积污的XP-160、XWP-160、FXBW-110,喷涂RTV的XP-160和喷涂RTV的XWP-160为研究对象,开展了12期自然积污试验。通过试验结果,分析了不同材质绝缘子的积污特性。研究发现,前9个积污期,绝缘子盐密从大到小依次为XP-160、 XWP-160、FXBW-110、喷涂RTV的XP-160和喷涂RTV的XWP-160,而后3个积污期,复合绝缘子盐密增加率较大,于是FXBW-110的盐密高于XWP-160盐密但仍然低于XP-160盐密。表面为亲水材质的绝缘子,在积污初期,增量均明显大于表面为憎水材质的绝缘子。但随着表面污秽的增加,憎水性材质的抗污秽性能有所降低。喷涂RTV对于绝缘子防污性能具有很大的提升作用,只是随着时间的增加,提升作用会有一定程度的降低。此外,表面亲水性材料绝缘受降雨冲刷作用更为明显。5种绝缘子之间的灰盐比有所差异,亲水性绝缘子灰盐比波动范围较大。根据两年期的积污结果,可以求得kRTV/XP-160、kRTV/XWP-160、kFXBW/XP-160和kFXBW/XWP-160的具体数值分别为0.596、0.554、0.925和1.125。Insulator pollution flashover threatens the stable operation of power system.The accumulation of pollution on the insulator surface area is the premise of pollution flashover.The pollution accumulation process is affected by complex factors such as insulator material and weather conditions.Therefore,this paper studied the pollution characteristics and pollution ratio of insulators of different materials in Jiangsu area.Firstly,12 natural pollution accumulation tests were conducted on transmission lines in Jiangsu Province,including XP-160,XWP-160,FXBW-110,XP-160 coated with RTV,and XWP-160 coated with RTV.Based on the test results,the pollution characteristics of insulators of different materials were analyzed.It is found that in the first nine pollution accumulation periods,the salt density of insulators is XP-160,XWP-160,FXBW-110,XP-160 of sprayed RTV and XWP-160 of sprayed RTV from large to small.In the last three pollution accumulation periods,the salt density of composite insulators increases greatly,so the salt density of FXBW-110 is higher than that of XWP-160,but still lower than that of XP-160.At the initial stage of pollution accumulation,the increment of insulators with hydrophilic surface is significantly greater than that of insulators with hydrophobic surface.However,with the increase of surface pollution,the anti pollution performance of hydrophobic materials decreases.Spraying RTV can greatly improve the anti pollution performance of insulators,but the lifting effect will decrease to a certain extent with the increase of time.In addition,the insulation of surface hydrophilic materials is more affected by rainfall erosion.The ash salt ratio of the five insulators is different,and the fluctuation range of the ash salt ratio of hydrophilic insulators is large.According to the pollution accumulation results in the biennium,the specific values of k RTV/XP-160,k RTV/XWP-160,k FXBW/XP-160 and k FXBW/XWP-160 are 0.596,0.554,0.925 and 1.125 respectively.

关 键 词：江苏辖区 复合绝缘子 瓷绝缘子 积污特性 

分 类 号：TM2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]