基于暗数据视角对情报学的反思  

Reflection on Information Science from the Perspective of Dark Data

作　　者：彭知辉[1] Peng Zhihui

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100038

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2024年第3期20-26,共7页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：中国人民公安大学国家安全治理双一流创新研究专项“观念史研究:以情报、谋略、舆情等观念为例”的成果,项目编号:2023SYL19。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]引入暗数据概念,对情报学现有观念、理论等做出新的诠释。[方法/过程]首先,梳理文献,辨析概念,提出广义的暗数据概念;然后,从暗数据视角对情报的本质、情报活动的目的和情报的社会功能等做出新的阐释。[结果/结论]暗数据是指潜藏在人们的认知之外,且对社会生活产生重要影响的数据。从暗数据视角反思情报学,可获得一些新的认识:确定性不是情报的本质特征,不确定性才是情报的根本属性;情报活动的目的,不在于揭示事物的规律及基于规律的预测,而是最大限度地减少事物的不确定性;情报的社会功能不宜定位于服务决策或成为决策的参谋,而是辅助或影响决策。[Purpose/significance] This paper introduces the concept of dark data and makes a new interpretation of some inherent ideas and theories of information science.[Method/process] Through literature review and concept discrimination,the paper puts forward a broad concept of dark data.Then from the dark data perspective,the paper makes a new interpretation of the essence of information,the purpose of information activities and the social function of information.[Result/conclusion] Dark data refers to data that is hidden beyond people's cognition and has an important impact on society.Rethinking information science from the dark data perspective,some new understandings can be obtained:the essence of information is not certainty,but uncertainty.The purpose of information activities is not to reveal the certainty of things and predict based on the rules,but to minimize the uncertainty of things.The social function of information is not to serve decision-making,or to serve as a adviser for decision-makers,but to assist or influence decision-making.

关 键 词：暗数据 情报学 情报本质 情报活动目的 情报社会功能 

分 类 号：G250.7[文化科学—图书馆学]