数智时代的信息分析方法:数据驱动、知识驱动及融合驱动  

The Methods of Information Analysis in Data Intelligence Era:Data Driven,Knowledge Driven,and Fusion Driven by Data and Knowledge

作　　者：卢小宾[1,2] 霍帆帆 王壮 霍朝光 LU Xiaobin;HUO Fanfan;WANG Zhuang;HUO Chaoguang

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学信息资源管理学院,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学智能信息分析研究中心,北京100872 [3]北京语言大学新闻传播学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国图书馆学报》2024年第1期29-44,共16页Journal of Library Science in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“新时期产业技术情报分析方法体系研究”(项目编号:21ATQ008)的研究成果。

摘　　要：数智时代,面对大数据、大知识所带来的挑战,如何创新发展信息分析方法,关乎新时代信息分析工作的开展,关乎数据资源的开发利用。本文在梳理现有信息分析方法的基础上,提出数据驱动、知识驱动,以及数据与知识融合驱动的三种数智型方法思路。首先,提出基于文本、网络、音频、图像等的数据驱动以及与之相应的文本挖掘、图挖掘、音频挖掘、图像挖掘等信息分析模式;其次,提出基于专家知识库、通用知识库、领域知识图谱、通用知识图谱等的知识驱动信息分析模式;最后,提出基于特征、模型、决策三种层面的数据与知识融合驱动的信息分析模式。通过以上三种方法,构建能够系统融合大数据、大知识的信息分析方法,实现数智融合型信息分析,促进图书情报学科方法论发展,赋能国家决策和社会治理。图3。表1。参考文献59。Facing the challenge from big data and big knowledge in the era of data intelligence,how to innovate information analysis methods is vital for the information analysis work and data resources development.Information analysis(intelligence analysis,intelligence research or intelligence investigation) aims to meet the users' special intelligence need,analyse and mine big data,information and knowledge,provide users integrated,systematic,real-time,in-depth decision support based on the processes of collection,processing,mining,analysis,and prediction.In the era of data intelligence,information analysis needs to transfer from small data or small knowledge to big data and big knowledge.Especially,the analysis methods need to try to integrate big data and big knowledge to avoid the limitation and paradox from data.Based on the review of related research,this paper proposes three data intelligence paths of information analysis:data driven information analysis methods,knowledge driven information analysis methods,and fusion driven by data and knowledge information analysis methods.First,we depict the data driven information analysis model separately from text data,network data,audio data,image data and corresponding text mining,graph mining,audio mining,and image mining methods;second,we depict the knowledge driven information analysis model separately from expert knowledge base,general knowledge base,domain knowledge graph,and general knowledge graph;third,we depict the fusion driven information analysis model by data and knowledge separately from the feature level,model level,and decision level.The findings may contribute to construct a systematic information analysis method framework fusing big data and big knowledge,provide methods guidance for data intelligence information analysis,promote the methodology development of LIS,and empower the government decision-making and social governance.3 figs.1 tab.59 refs.

关 键 词：信息分析 数智时代 数据驱动 知识驱动 融合驱动 

分 类 号：G202[文化科学—传播学] G250.2