云南省开远市中学生脊柱侧凸筛查及危险因素分析  

Scoliosis and risk factors among junior high school students in Kaiyuan City,Yunnan Province

作　　者：陈思思 周璇[1] 李欣[1] 李彬[2] 郭海滨 王立霞 谷双昱 黄泽凡 杜青[1] CHEN Sisi;ZHOU Xuan;LI Xin;LI Bin;GUO Haibin;WANG Lixia;GU Shuangyu;HUANG Zefan;DU Qing(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Xinhua Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China;Department of Child Care and Rehabilitation Medicine,People’s Hospital of Kaiyuan,Kaiyuan 661000,Yunan Province,China;School of Exercise and Health,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院康复医学科,上海200092 [2]云南省开远市人民医院儿保康复科,开远661000 [3]上海体育大学运动健康学院,上海200438

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2024年第1期14-18,25,共6页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81972030);上海申康医院发展中心促进市级医院临床技能与临床创新能力三年行动计划(2020—2022年)(SHDC2020CR3041B);上海市崇明区科学技术委员会项目(CKY2021-50)。

摘　　要：目的 了解云南省开远市中学生脊柱侧凸的发生情况并分析相关影响因素。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2021年9月在云南省开远市2所中学开展脊柱侧凸筛查。使用自制问卷收集学生的家庭社会经济状况及生活方式相关情况(身体活动、屏幕暴露、睡眠、姿势自我评价、牛奶或钙剂补充、书包重量、课桌高度等)。根据躯干旋转角将受检者分为阳性组(躯干旋转角≥5°)与阴性组(躯干旋转角<5°),比较2组学生生活方式相关情况及家庭社会经济状况的差异,并将差异显著的因素纳入二元Logistic回归,分析各因素与脊柱侧凸筛查阳性之间的相关性。结果 共筛查1 651名中学生,其中101名学生脊柱侧凸筛查阳性,占比6.1%。与阴性组相比,阳性组学生的年龄更小、体质量和身体质量指数更低、女生占比更高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示:女性(OR=2.145)是脊柱侧凸筛查阳性的危险因素;身体活动≥1 h/d(OR=0.432)、超重和肥胖(OR=0.434)是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 云南省开远市中学生脊柱侧凸筛查阳性率为6.1%,加强身体活动有益于降低脊柱侧凸的筛查阳性风险,超重或肥胖不利于脊柱侧凸的早期发现。Objective To study the prevalence of scoliosis in junior high school students in Kaiyuan City,Yunnan Province,and analyze relevant influencing factors.Methods Scoliosis screening was conducted in two junior high schools selected by stratified cluster sampling in Kaiyuan City,Yunnan Province in September 2021.A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the students' family socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors such as physical activity,screen time,sleep,self-evaluation of posture,milk or calcium supplementation,schoolbag weight,and desk height.According to the angle of trunk rotation,the subjects were divided into positive group (≥5°) and negative group(<5°) for scoliosis screening.The differences of lifestyle related factors and family socioeconomic status between the groups were compared,and the factors with significant differences were included in binary Logistic regression.The correlation between each factor and positive scoliosis screening was analyzed.Results A total of 1 651 students were enrolled for screening in the study,and 101(6.1%) were positive in scoliosis.Compared with the negative group,the positive group had a younger age,lower body weight,lower body mass index,and greater proportion of girls(P<0.05).Binary Logistic regression showed that female(OR=2.145) was a risk factor for scoliosis.However,physical activity≥1 h per day(OR=0.432) and overweight or obesity(OR=0.434) were protective factors for the onset of scoliosis(P<0.05).Conclusion The positive rate of scoliosis screening among junior high school students in Kaiyuan City,Yunnan Province was 6.1%.More physical activity is beneficial to reduce the risk of positive screening for scoliosis.Overweight or obesity is not conducive to the early detection of scoliosis.

关 键 词：脊柱侧凸 筛查 身体活动 危险因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]