云斑尖塘鳢在水产养殖中的风险评估及适生区分析  

Risk analysis and potential distribution prediction for non-nativefish Oxyeleotris marmorata in aquaculture

作　　者：韦慧[1] 张铭斯 韦波 余梵冬 舒璐 徐猛[1] 房苗 胡隐昌[1] 顾党恩[1] WEI Hui;ZHANG Mingsi;WEI Bo;YU Fandong;SHU Lu;XU Meng;FANG Miao;HU Yinchang;GU Dangen(Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs),Key Laboratory of Alien Species and Ecological Security(CAFS),Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510380,China;College of Geomatics and Geoinformation,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所/农业农村部外来入侵水生生物防控重点实验室/中国水产科学研究院外来物种与生态安全重点实验室,广东广州510380 [2]桂林理工大学测绘地理信息学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《生物安全学报（中英文）》2024年第1期68-76,共9页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(202102020817);国家大宗淡水鱼产业体系项目(CARS-45);上海科技馆科研创新平台开放课题。

摘　　要：【目的】引进国外优良品种极大促进了水产养殖的发展,但过去水产外来种的风险评估主要针对疫病,很少针对生态风险进行评估。本研究首次利用欧洲外来水产种养殖风险分析框架(ENSARS)和物种分布模型(MaxEnt)对外来水产种云斑尖塘鳢在南部生态区的生态风险进行评估,研究结果可为我国外来水产种引种管理提供参考。【方法】基于文献调研和实地调查收集云斑尖塘鳢生物学和生态学性状以及养殖状况等信息,用ENSARS评估该鱼的入侵风险,对其传播病原体、逃逸和产生社会经济影响的可能性进行分析,并用MaxEnt预测其在中国的适生区。【结果】云斑尖塘鳢在南部生态区具有强的入侵性,在水产养殖过程中具有中等风险,其中传播病原体的风险为中度高水平,逃逸的风险为中等水平,对社会经济产生影响的可能性较低。云斑尖塘鳢的高度适生区分布在台湾地区、广西、广东、海南4个省(自治区),分别占该省(自治区)面积28.71%、2.41%、14.57%、24.69%。【结论】云斑尖塘鳢的生物地理和生物生态学性状使其在南部生态区具有较强的入侵性,但在养殖过程中对逃逸、病原体传播等高风险事件的人为干预,能够在一定程度上降低逃逸并产生影响的可能性。但云斑尖塘鳢的主产区与其适生区高度重叠,逃逸到自然水域后容易建立自然种群,因此需要加强养殖逃逸方面的管理。【Aim】The introduction of alien species has contributed greatly to the development of the aquaculture industry.Risk assessments of introduced aquaculture species have mainly focused on quarantine pathogens,whereas the ecological risks of non-native aquaculture species have received little attention.In this study,the European Non-native Species in Aquaculture Risk Analysis Scheme(ENSARS)and the species distribution model(i.e.,MaxEnt)were used to assess the ecological risk of the typical non-native aquaculture species marbled sand goby Oxyeleotris marmorata in the southern ecoregion.Our results can inform strategies for managing non-native species in importation and aquaculture.【Method】The biological and ecological characteristics,as well as the aquaculture status of O.marmorata,were investigated based on peer-reviewed literatures and field surveys.The invasiveness,risk of pathogen transmission,escaping from capacity,and socioeconomic impact of O.marmorata in aquaculture were assessed using ENSARS,and the potential distribution of this non-native fish in China was predicted using MaxEnt.【Result】O.marmorata was classified as"invasive"in the southern ecoregion.This non-native fish was categorized as moderate risk in aquaculture.The risk of pathogen transmission is moderately high.The risk of escaping capacity was medium.The risk of exerting socioeconomic impact was low.The most suitable areas for O.marmorata were distributed in Taiwan,Guangxi,Guangdong,and Hainan,accounting for 28.71%,2.41%,14.57%,and 24.69% of the total area of each province,respectively.【Conclusion】O.marmorata was categorized as"invasive"in the southern ecoregion owing to its undesirable biogeographic and bioecological characteristics.The ecological risk of O.marmorata could be alleviated by human intervention for high-risk events in aquaculture,including escaping from capacity and pathogen transmission.However,the main aquaculture area of O.marmorata overlaps with its potential distribution areas,which might facilitate population es

关 键 词：生物入侵 ENSARS AS-ISK 养殖设施 水产病害 

分 类 号：S937[农业科学—渔业资源]