沧州地区5~12岁儿童遗尿症患病情况及其影响因素调查  

Prevalence and influencing factors of nocturnal enuresis in children aged 5-12 years in Cangzhou region

作　　者：刘宝环 赵晓华 房建兆 王红岩 黄少泽 回娟 王荣 李冠慧 LIU Baohuan;ZHAO Xiaohua;FANG Jianzhao;WANG Hongyan;HUANG Shaoze;HUI Juan;WANG Rong;LI Guanhui(Cangzhou People's Hospital,Cangzhou 061000,China;Community Health Service Center,South Street,Xinhua District,Cangzhou)

机构地区：[1]沧州市人民医院,河北沧州061000 [2]沧州市新华区南大街社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2023年第12期1489-1493,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：沧州市科技计划自筹经费项目(222106003)。

摘　　要：目的了解沧州地区5~12岁儿童遗尿症患病情况,并探讨其影响因素。方法通过分层整群随机抽样法于2020年9月至2023年9月抽取沧州地区5~12岁儿童及其监护人,通过问卷方式对儿童遗尿症患病情况进行调查,采用单、多因素分析发生遗尿症的影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷3054份,其中符合遗尿症诊断标准的儿童为181例,遗尿症患病率为5.93%。181例遗尿症的儿童就诊率为17.68%(32/181)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(OR=2.399)、年龄(OR=2.487、2.252)、家庭年收入(OR=1.398、1.523)、家庭儿童人数(OR=1.303、1.972)、遗尿症家族史(OR=1.456)、尿路感染史(OR=3.546)、便秘(OR=2.268)、膀胱功能异常(OR=1.777)、注意缺陷多动障碍(OR=3.762)、睡眠呼吸障碍(OR=1.605)及睡前水分摄入多(OR=2.881)是5~12岁儿童出现遗尿症的影响因素。结论5~12岁儿童检出遗尿症的比例较高,且该地区遗尿症儿童就诊率较低,该疾病与年龄、性别、家庭收入及合并症等诸多因素有关,应组织宣传活动,开展有关公众教育,提高家长对遗尿症的重视,倡导及时诊断及早期治疗。Objective To understand the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in children aged 5-12 years in Cangzhou region,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods From September 2020 to September 2023,children aged 5-12 years and their guardians in Cangzhou region were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method.The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in children was investigated by questionnaire,and the influencing factors of nocturnal enuresis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods.Results A total of 3054 valid questionnaires were collected,among which 181 children were diagnosed with nocturnal enuresis,and the prevalence rate was 5.93%.The consultation rate of 181 children with nocturnal enuresis was 17.68%(32/181).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=2.399),age(OR=2.487,2.252),family income(OR=1.398,1.523),number of children in the family(OR=1.303,1.972),family history of nocturnal enuresis(OR=1.456),history of urinary tract infection(OR=3.546),constipation(OR=2.268),bladder dysfunction(OR=1.777),attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(OR=3.762),sleep⁃related breathing disorder(OR=1.605),and drinking water before bedtime(OR=2.881)were the influencing factors of nocturnal enuresis in children aged 5-12 years.Conclusions The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in children aged 5-12 years is high,and the consultation rate of children with nocturnal enuresis is low in this region.The disease is related to many factors such as age,gender,family income,and comorbidities.Publicity activities should be organized to carry out relevant public education,raise parents'attention to nocturnal enuresis,and advocate timely diagnosis and early treatment.

关 键 词：儿童 遗尿症 患病率 影响因素 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R195[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]