水力发电生命周期评价及碳足迹区域化分析  

Life Cycle Assessment and Regionalized Carbon Footprint Analysis of Hydropower Generation

作　　者：刘宇[1] 任品桥 郑焱[1] 高峰[1] 孙博学[1] 龚先政[1] LIU Yu;REN Pinqiao;ZHENG Yan;GAO Feng;SUN Boxue;GONG Xianzheng(National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-Data Application Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学工业大数据应用技术国家工程实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2024年第3期282-289,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB3505204,2022YFC3901205-3);北京工业大学“城市碳中和”科技创新基金资助项目(048000514122666)。

摘　　要：基于生命周期评价方法,对我国典型水电站水力发电生命周期碳足迹及其他环境影响进行了评估,并分析讨论了不同区域水力发电碳足迹的差异性及原因。结果显示,三峡水电站单位水电碳足迹(以CO_(2)当量计)为12.7 g/(kW·h),主要来源于运行阶段,造成其他环境影响的主要阶段为土建工程阶段,其次为机电设备制造阶段;我国不同省级行政区单位水电碳足迹差距较大,与全国平均值相差±20%以上的省级行政区有24个;各省级行政区运行阶段碳足迹占比为47.94%~96.82%,占比超过80%的省级行政区有19个。研究结果可以为我国及省级发电清单编制与电网结构调整提供数据支撑。Based on the method of life cycle assessment,this study evaluated the global warming(carbon footprint)and other environment impacts of hydropower,and analyzed the differences in the carbon footprint of hydropower in different regions.The results show that the global warming impact(carbon footprint)per unit of hydropower of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station is 12.7 g/(kW·h),which mainly originates from the operation stage.The main stage causing other environment impacts is the civil engineering stage,followed by the electro mechanical equipment manufacturing stage.The results of regional analysis show that the unit hydropower carbon in different provinces is quite different,and there are 24 provinces that differ from the national average by more than±20%.The carbon footprint of each province during the operation stage accounted for 47.94%-96.82%,and 19 provinces during the operation stage accounted for more than 80%.The result can provide support for the adjustment and optimization of the power structure at national and provincial levels.

关 键 词：生命周期评价 碳足迹 水力发电 环境影响 温室气体排放 区域化分析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]