香梨结果树的控旺研究  

Study on the Bearing Tree Overgrowth Control of Korla Pear

作　　者：苏艳丽[1] 李配 杨健[1] 王龙[1] 王苏珂[1] 薛华柏[1] SU Yanli;LI Pei;YANG Jian;WANG Long;WANG Suke;XUE Huabai(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou,Henan 450009)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450009

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第3期17-24,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项资助项目(221100110400);新疆生产建设兵团重大科技资助项目(2019AA004);新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关资助项目(2018AB035);国家梨产业技术体系建设专项资助项目(CARS-29-01A);中国农业科学院科技创新工程资助项目(CAAS-ASTIP)。

摘　　要：以四年生香梨结果树为试验材料,采用调环酸钙、PBO、多效唑、烯效唑为生长抑制剂,设置不同浓度和喷施次数,在新梢旺长期对树体进行喷施的方法,研究了一年生枝长度、粗度的变化及对叶片、果实品质的影响,以期解决香梨树势旺,枝条易徒长,树形树势不易控制的问题。结果表明:调环酸钙、PBO、多效唑、烯效唑均能有效抑制香梨新梢旺长,枝条封顶率随处理浓度的升高而升高。调环酸钙和PBO处理后,叶片叶绿素含量、果实单果质量、果实横径和可溶性固形物含量与对照差异不显著,叶片质量和叶片厚度显著高于对照,果实纵径、果形指数和果实硬度显著低于对照。香梨生产中可选择环保、安全的调环酸钙作为新梢旺长的抑制剂,以300~450 mg·L^(-1)喷施2次效果较好。The four-year-old fragrant pear was used as the experimental material,prohexadione calcium,PBO,paclobutrazol and uniconazol were used as growth inhibitors,different concentrations and spraying times were set up to spray the tree at the vigorous growth stage of new shoots.The changes of length and thickness of one-year-old branches and the effects on the quality of leaves and fruits were investigated,in order to solve the problem of strong tree vigor,branches easy to overgrow,and tree shape was not easy to control of korla pear.The results showed that prohexadione calcium,PBO,paclobutrazol and uniconazole could effectively inhibit the growth of new shoots of Korla pear,and the shoot capping rate increased with the increaing of treatment concentration.After the treatment of prohexadione calcium and PBO,the chlorophyll content of leaves,fruit weight,fruit transverse diameter and soluble solids content were not significantly different from those of the control,and the leaf weight and leaf thickness were significantly higher than those of the control.The fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit shape index and fruit hardness were significantly lower than those of the control.In the production of Korla pear,environmentally friendly and safe prohexadione calcium could be selected as an inhibitor of new shoot growth,and 300-450mg·L^(-1) spraying twice was better.

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 一年生枝 生长抑制剂 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]