正常类飞机自然结冰试飞适航审定技术  

Airworthiness certification technology of normal aircraft natural icing flight test

作　　者：高郭池 张波 全敬泽 尹崇 丁丽 姜裕标[3] GAO Guochi;ZHANG Bo;QUAN Jingze;YIN Chong;DING Li;JIANG Yubiao(Shenyang Aircraft Airworthiness Certification Center of CAAC,Shenyang 110043,China;Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Harbin Aircraft Industry Group,Harbin 150066,China;China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空沈阳航空器适航审定中心,沈阳110043 [2]哈尔滨飞机工业集团飞机设计研究所,哈尔滨150066 [3]中国空气动力研究与发展中心,绵阳621000

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第1期188-209,共22页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：民用飞机专项科研(MJ-2016-F-13)。

摘　　要：民用飞机如果申请已知结冰条件下飞行(FIKI),应按照除防冰相关适航规章条款要求进行表明符合性适航验证,其中自然结冰试飞是必须完成的重要环节。以Y12F飞机自然结冰试飞为例,以中国民用航空局(CAAC)和美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)发布的已知结冰条件下飞行相关指导文件为基础,结合Y12F飞机自然结冰试飞适航审定过程,分析总结了除防冰系统、测试设备及安装、试飞空域、结冰大气条件、试飞内容、试飞状态、试飞程序、试飞结果和分析以及结冰探测、结冰大气探测、冰积聚情况监测等方面的适航审定要求和关键技术,并对试飞过程中发现问题的分类、解决措施、设计改进方案以及完成的补充验证工作进行了阐述。经CAAC和FAA同步审查,Y12F飞机获得CAAC和FAA已知结冰条件下飞行的批准。构建的自然结冰试飞适航审定方法,成为FIKI适航验证重要实践指导性材料。When applying for Flight in Known Icing(FIKI),civil aircraft should demonstrate compliance with the re⁃quirements of de-ice and anti-ice related airworthiness regulations.Thereinto,natural icing flight test is a critical item which must be completed.Taking natural icing flight test of Y12F aircraft as an example,based on guidance docu⁃ments issued by Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC)and Federal Aviation Administration(FAA)for FIKI and combined with the airworthiness certification process of natural icing flight test of Y12F aircraft,this paper analyzes and summarizes the airworthiness certification requirements and critical techniques of the de-ice and anti-ice system,the test instrument and installation,flight test airspace,icing atmospheric conditions,flight test items,flight test status,flight test procedures,flight test results and analysis,ice detection,icing atmospheric detection,icing accumulation state monitoring,etc.This paper also elaborates the classification of problems discovered during the flight test,the corresponding solutions,design improvement proposals,and completed supplementary certification work.Concur⁃rently certificated by CAAC and FAA,Y12F aircraft obtained approval for FIKI from both authorities.The constructed airworthiness certification method for natural icing flight test has become an important practical guidance material for FIKI airworthiness certification.

关 键 词：自然结冰试飞 除防冰系统 结冰探测 试飞程序 适航审定 

分 类 号：V217.39[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]