航空发动机增压式离心通风器流动与分离特性  

Flow and separation characteristics of pressurized centrifugal separator for aero⁃engine

作　　者：姜乐 陈以彪 李炎军 李贵林 刘涛 JIANG Le;CHEN Yibiao;LI Yanjun;LI Guilin;LIU Tao(AECC Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment,Chengdu 610500;School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710129)

机构地区：[1]中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院,成都610500 [2]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,西安710129

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第2期167-183,共17页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：中国航发自主创新专项基金。

摘　　要：航空发动机滑油系统的精细化设计依赖于对关键部件工作性能的掌握,这其中包括影响轴承腔压力和滑油消耗的通风器。为研究航空发动机气动增压式离心通风器的流动与分离特性,通过数值仿真获得了设计参数对压差、分离效率和最小分离直径的影响规律,并定量评估了设计参数的敏感性。结果表明,提高转速能够在实现气动增压的同时提升分离效率、降低最小分离直径;转速为25000 r/min、通风量为10 g/s时,进口压力比出口压力低2700 Pa,分离效率可达99.5%。增大通风量将削弱通风器的气动增压效果,且不利于油滴的有效分离。调整叶片数量可使气动增压效果达到最佳,压差的最大变化量均可超过30%,然而叶片数量对分离效率和最小分离直径的影响较小。转速对压差和分离效率的影响较大,最小分离直径受通风量的影响最显著。此外,通风器的工作特性还受设计参数之间的交互影响,根据敏感性系数对设计参数进行合理匹配可以进一步提升工作性能。The refined design of aero-engine oil systems relies on the mastery of the working performance of key com⁃ponents,including separators affecting the bearing chamber pressure and oil consumption.To study the flow and separation characteristics of a pressurized centrifugal separator,we obtain the effects of design parameters on pres⁃sure difference,separation efficiency,and the minimum separation diameter by numerical simulation,and quantita⁃tively evaluate the sensitivity of design parameters.The results show that increasing the rotating speed can improve the separation and reduce the minimum separation diameter while increasing the airflow pressure.With rotating speed of 25000 r/min,the air mass flow rate of 10 g/s,and the inlet pressure of 2700 Pa lower than the outlet pressure,the separation efficiency can reach 99.5%.Increasing the air mass flow rate weakens the aerodynamic pressurization ef⁃fect of the separator,and is not conducive to the effective separation of oil droplets.Adjusting the number of blades can achieve the best effect of aerodynamic pressurization,and the maximum variation of pressure difference can ex⁃ceed by 30%.However,the number of blades has little effect on separation efficiency and the minimum separation di⁃ameter.The rotating speed has a significant influence on the pressure difference and separation efficiency,while the minimum separation diameter is most significantly affected by the air mass flow rate.In addition,the working charac⁃teristics of the separator are also affected by the interaction between the design parameters,and the reasonable matching of the design parameters according to the sensitivity coefficient can further improve the working performance.

关 键 词：增压式离心通风器 压差 分离效率 最小分离直径 敏感性分析 

分 类 号：V233.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]