环境监管失职罪的实施效能省思  

Reflections on the Implementation Efficiency of the Crime of Environmental Supervision Malfeasance

作　　者：张雷[1] ZHANG Lei

机构地区：[1]商丘师范学院法学院

出　　处：《法治研究》2024年第1期150-160,共11页Research on Rule of Law

基　　金：河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新团队“法律文化与基层社会治理”(项目编号:2020-TXTD-10);河南省高等学校哲学社会科学研究优秀学者(项目编号:2019-YXXZ-15);河南省教育厅教师教育课程研究重点项目(项目编号:2019-JSJYZD-027)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：环境监管失职罪是生态法益司法实践的有益尝试,于我国生态文明国家战略实施与高质量发展意义重大。受复杂因素影响,环境监管失职罪的实施效能有待提升。从规范层面分析,存在法益衡量不尽合理、责任主体过于多元、归责条件太过宽泛及因果关系限定不明等问题。从实证层面分析,存在经济利益博弈影响、科层管理体制拘囿、法律监督能力限制、基层执法短板等弊端。提升本罪实施效能须以科学理论完善优化环境监管立法、以法治政府建设提高环境监管执法水平、以监督手段创新加大环境侵权行为追责及以严格法律惩戒力度提升民众环境保护法规敬畏四个方面着力。Crime of negligence of environmental supervision is a beneficial attempt in ecological legal practice,with great importance in executing China's national strategy for ecological civilization and high-quality development.Affected by complex factors,the effectiveness of implementation of the crime of negligence of environmental supervision needs to be improved.From the normative level of analysis,there are issues such as the unreasonable measurement of legal interests,a surplus of responsible parties,overly broad conditions for imputation,and unclear relationship on causality.Analyzing from the empirical level,there are such drawbacks as the influence of economic interests's game,limitations of bureaucratic management systems,constraints on legal supervisory abilities,and deficiencies in grassroots law enforcement.To enhance the effectiveness of this crime,efforts must be made in four areas:refining and optimizing environmental regulatory legislation based on scientific theory,improving the level of environmental regulation and law enforcement through the construction of government ruled by law,increasing the accountability for environment tort responsibility through innovation of supervisory ways,and uplifting the public's compliance with environmental regulations through rigorous legal penalties.

关 键 词：环境监管失职罪 生态环境保护 规范分析 实证分析 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]