乌梁素海湖冰完整生消过程的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of the complete process of lake ice formation and melting in Lake Ulansu

作　　者：霍璞真 卢鹏[1] 解飞 王庆凯[1] 李志军[1] ARVOLA Lauri HUO Puzhen;LU Peng;XIE Fei;WANG Qingkai;LI Zhijun;ARVOLA Lauri(State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Lammi Biological Station,University of Helsinki,Helsinki,FI-16900,Finland)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [2]Lammi Biological Station,University of Helsinki,Helsinki,FI-16900,Finland

出　　处：《水科学进展》2024年第1期145-155,共11页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52211530038);辽宁省兴辽英才计划资助项目(XLYC2007033)。

摘　　要：为探究气候变暖背景下乌梁素海湖冰的冰厚、冰温和冰物候特征的变化,利用ERA5-Land和MERRA-2再分析数据作为大气强迫场,结合多源卫星遥感反演得到的初始模拟日期,通过一维高分辨率热力学雪冰(HIGHTSI)模型模拟了2015—2016年乌梁素海湖冰的完整生消过程。结果显示:①研究期内,最大冰厚达到41.7 cm,初冰日和终冰日分别为2015年11月21日和2016年3月25日,冰期为126 d。②对于水深较浅而冬季日照充足的乌梁素海,气温是影响冰厚的主要因素,太阳辐射次之,两者的昼夜周期循环显著影响冰层的厚度和温度;当冰面有雪覆盖时,积雪的低导热和高反照率会明显削弱气温和太阳辐射对冰层的影响。③即使缺失现场观测数据,采用气象数据和遥感反演的初始模拟日期仍能准确地表征现场真实冰雪的完整演变过程。该研究可为中纬度干旱区季节性冰封浅水湖冰的计算和湖冰生消的年际变化研究奠定基础。To investigate changes in ice thickness,ice temperature,and ice phenology characteristics in Lake Ulansu under the influence of climate warming,the complete process of ice formation and melting of Lake Ulansu from 2015 to 2016 was simulated using the HIGHTSI model.We used the ERA5-Land and MERRA-2 reanalysis data sets for atmospheric forcing,which were combined with initial simulation data obtained from multisource satellite remote sensing images.It was found that:①During the study period,the maximum ice thickness was up to 41.7 cm,with freeze-up start and break-up end dates of November 21,2015 and March 25,2016,respectively,and an ice cover duration of 126 d.②For Lake Ulansu,which had a shallow water depth and sufficient winter sunshine,air temperature was the main factor affecting ice thickness,followed by solar radiation,and the diurnal cycles of the two significantly affecting the thickness and temperature of the ice layer.However,when the ice was covered with snow,the influence of air temperature and solar radiation on the ice layer was significantly weakened due to the low thermal conductivity and high albedo of snow.③Even in the absence of field observation data,the use of meteorological data and initial simulation data derived from remote sensing could still be used to characterize the complete evolution of real snow and ice in the field accurately.This study provided the foundation for the calculation of seasonal ice cover on shallow lake ice in midlatitude arid regions and for investigations of interannual variations in lake ice formation and melting.

关 键 词：湖冰 完整生消过程 再分析数据 卫星遥感 HIGHTSI模型 乌梁素海 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]