长爪沙鼠不同感音神经性耳聋模型的建立及比较  

Establishment and comparison of sensorineural deafness models in Mongolian gerbils

作　　者：宋丹丹 桂飞[2] 汪海燕 胡金池[2] 黄瑾 杨磊[1,2] SONG Dandan;GUI Fei;WANG Haiyan;HU Jinchi;HUANG Jin;YANG Lei(School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311121,China;School of Medicine,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学公共卫生学院,浙江杭州311121 [2]石河子大学医学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期70-75,共6页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(LTGY23H130001);杭州市重大科技项目(20152013A01)。

摘　　要：目的利用不同的耳毒性药物建立长爪沙鼠感音神经性耳聋模型,并对3种模型进行比较分析,为感音神经性耳聋的研究提供精准的动物模型。方法选择长爪沙鼠,建立硫酸卡那霉素和呋塞米联用(KM+Fur)、新霉素(Neo)及哇巴因(Oua)3种耳毒性药物的感音神经性耳聋模型,通过听性脑干反应(ABR)和耳蜗组织形态学检测,比较分析不同耳毒性药物的损伤特点。结果KM+Fur造模后,与对照组(14.00±1.80)相比,该组(71.00±5.26)长爪沙鼠的听力阈值显著上升,耳蜗HCs大量损伤,而SGNs无明显损伤;Neo造模后,与对照组相比,40 mmol·L^(-1) Neo仅影响沙鼠高频32 kHz时听力阈值(60.00±8.66),无明显的组织学改变;而100 mmol·L^(-1) Neo组的沙鼠各频率听力阈值均显著上升,且耳蜗HCs及SGNs均严重受损;Oua造模后,1 mmol·L^(-1) Oua和10 mmol·L^(-1) Oua均可引起沙鼠各频率听力阈值显著上升,但损伤范围不同,10 mmol·L^(-1) Oua使HCs和SGNs均严重受损,而1 mmol·L^(-1) Oua仅造成耳蜗SGNs损伤。结论利用KM+Fur可建立长爪沙鼠HCs特异性受损的感音神经性耳聋模型;40 mmol·L^(-1) Neo可建立高频区听功能损伤的感音神经性耳聋模型;利用100 mmol·L^(-1) Neo和10 mmol·L^(-1) Oua可以建立长爪沙鼠HCs和SGNs均受损的感音神经性耳聋模型;利用1 mmol·L^(-1) Oua可以建立长爪沙鼠耳蜗SGNs特异性受损的耳聋模型。Objective Different ototoxic drugs were used to establish the model of sensorineural deafness in Mongolian gerbils,and the three models were compared to provide accurate animal models for the study of sensorineural deafness.Methods Mongolian gerbils model of sensorineural deafness was established by kanamycin sulfate and furosemide(KM+Fur),neomycin(Neo)and Ouabain(Oua),ABR auditory function and cochlear tissue morphological test were examined to compare and analyze the damage characteristics of different ototoxic drugs.Results After KM+Fur modeling,compared with the control group(14.00±1.80),the hearing threshold of Mongolian gerbils in this group(71.00±5.26)was significantly increased,and the cochlear HCs,while SGNs were not significantly damaged.After Neo modeling,40 mmol·L^(-1) Neo only affected the hearing threshold(60.00±8.66)at high frequency 32 kHz,and had no obvious histological changes.n the 100 mmol·L^(-1) Neo group,the hearing thresholds of all frequencies were significantly increased,and the cochlear HCs and SGNs were severely damaged.After the modeling of Oua,1 mmol·L^(-1) Oua and 10 mmol·L^(-1) Oua could significantly increase the hearing thresholds of all frequencies in gerbils,but the damage ranges were different.10 mmol·L^(-1) Oua severely damaged HCs and SGNs,while 1 mmol·L^(-1) Oua only damaged cochlear SGNs.Conclusion KM+Fur can be used to establish sensorineural deafness model with specific damage of HCs in gerbils.40 mmol·L^(-1) Neo can establish sensorineural deafness model with high frequency hearing impairment.Using 100 mmol·L^(-1) Neo and 10 mmol·L^(-1) Oua,the sensorineural hearing loss model of gerbils with impaired hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons was established.Deafness model with cochlear spiral ganglion neurons specific impairment of gerbils cochlea with 1 mmol·L^(-1) Oua was established.

关 键 词：感音神经性耳聋 长爪沙鼠 动物模型 耳毒性药物 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]