内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒流行现状调查分析  

Epidemic status of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

作　　者：杨晓娟 李振林 常子丽 崔娜 刘一君 王璇 赵成祥 Yang Xiaojuan;Li Zhenlin;Chang Zili;Cui Na;Liu Yijun;Wang Xuan;Zhao Chengxiang(Department for Endemic Fluorosis and Arseniasis Control and Prevention,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心地方性氟砷中毒防控科,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2023年第12期973-978,共6页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区卫生健康科技计划项目(202202115);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0383)。

摘　　要：目的了解内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒病区水氟含量分布以及儿童氟斑牙、成人氟骨症检出情况。方法2021年4-11月,在内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒病区的所有自然村(屯,以下简称村),开展病区村改水现状调查及水氟监测。同时,分别对病区村全部8~12岁儿童和18岁及以上成人开展氟斑牙和氟骨症检查,计算检出率。结果内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒病区共有病区村9465个,其中改水村8920个,改水率为94.24%(8920/9465);水氟合格的改水村有8664个,改水合格率为97.13%(8664/8920)。共对病区村80915名8~12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查,检出氟斑牙儿童4868例,检出率为6.02%。共对病区村3545915名18岁及以上成人进行氟骨症检查,检出氟骨症患者3567例,检出率为0.10%。结论内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒病区改水率和改水合格率均较高,儿童氟斑牙和成人氟骨症检出率均较低。Objective To investigate the distribution of fluoride content in water and dental fluorosis in children and skeletal fluorosis in adults in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods From April to November 2021,all natural villages in the drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were investigated on the status quo of water improvement and water fluoride monitoring.At the same time,all children aged 8-12 and adults aged 18 and older were examined for dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis,respectively,and the detection rates were calculated.Results There were 9465 villages in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,among which 8920 villages had completed the water improvement,with a water improvement rate of 94.24%(8920/9465);8664 villages had completed the water improvement with qualified water fluoride,and the qualified rate of water improvement was 97.13%(8664/8920).A total of 80915 children aged 8-12 in the villages underwent dental fluorosis examination,and 4868 children were diagnosed with dental fluorosis,with a detection rate of 6.02%.A total of 3545915 adults aged 18 and older in the villages were examined for skeletal fluorosis,and 3567 adults were diagnosed with skeletal fluorosis,with a detection rate of 0.10%.Conclusion The water improvement rate and qualified rate of water improvement in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are high,while both of the detection rates of dental fluorosis in children and skeletal fluorosis in adults are relatively low.

关 键 词：饮水 儿童 成人 氟中毒 牙 氟骨症 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]