贵阳市居民碘缺乏病防治知识知晓情况与食用碘盐的行为及态度调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on the awareness of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control knowledge among residents and their behaviors and attitudes towards iodized salt consumption in Guiyang City

作　　者：周德梅[1] 汪淑颖 向红[1] 李杨[1] 杨莉[1] 王翠桑 叶红兵[1] Zhou Demei;Wang Shuying;Xiang Hong;Li Yang;Yang Li;Wang Cuisang;Ye Hongbing(Institute of Endemic Disease,Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang 550004,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yunyan District,Guiyang City,Guiyang 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心地方病防治研究所,贵阳550004 [2]贵阳市云岩区疾病预防控制中心,贵阳550004

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2023年第12期1012-1016,共5页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2021-427);贵州省传染病预防与控制人才基地科研团队(RCJD2108)。

摘　　要：目的了解贵阳市居民碘缺乏病防治知识知晓情况与食用碘盐的行为及态度特征,确定今后碘缺乏病健康教育的重点和方向。方法2021年5月15日0-24时(全国碘缺乏病防治日),通过"贵州疾控"微信公众号,以有奖竞答形式对关注该公众号的贵阳市居民随机发放并回收调查问卷,调查内容包括一般人口学资料、碘缺乏病防治知识、食用碘盐的行为及态度,计算居民碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率与食用碘盐的行为及态度正确率。结果本次调查共回收3078份有效问卷,居民碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率为51.3%(9467/18468),得分为(51.26±14.30)分;食用碘盐的行为及态度正确率为93.0%(11446/12312),得分为(92.97±13.13)分。不同年龄居民碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.03,P<0.001);不同年龄、民族、职业居民食用碘盐的行为及态度正确率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.66、4.88、24.73,均P<0.05),以≥61岁年龄组、少数民族及学生正确率较低。碘缺乏病防治知识获取途径以宣传资料(59.3%,1825/3078)、报纸杂志(56.8%,1747/3078)、电视(56.6%,1743/3078)、互联网(56.2%,1731/3078)为主。结论贵阳市居民食用碘盐的行为及态度正确率较高,但碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率低;应加强对居民尤其是老年人、少数民族和学生的健康教育,重视对碘盐安全性和坚持长期补碘必要性的宣传。Objective To investigate the awareness of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control knowledge among residents in Guiyang City,as well as the behavioral and attitude characteristics of iodized salt consumption,and to determine the focus and direction of future health education on iodine deficiency disorders.Methods From 0:00 to 24:00 on May 15,2021(the National Day for Prevention and Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders),through the"Guizhou Disease Control"WeChat official account,the questionnaire was randomly distributed to the residents of Guiyang City who paid attention to the official account in the form of award-winning contest and returned.The survey content included general demographic data,iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control knowledge among residents and the behaviors and attitudes towards iodized salt consumption.The awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control knowledge among residents and the correct rate of their behaviors and attitudes towards iodized salt consumption were calculated.Results A total of 3078 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey.The awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control knowledge among residents was 51.3%(9467/18468),with a score of(51.26±14.30)points;the correct rate of behavior and attitude towards iodized salt consumption was 93.0%(11446/12312),with a score of(92.97±13.13)points.There was a statistically significant difference in the awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control knowledge among residents of different age groups(χ^(2)=23.03,P<0.001).There were statistically significant differences in the correct rates of behavior and attitude towards iodized salt consumption among residents of different ages,ethnic groups,and professions(χ^(2)=9.66,4.88,24.73,P<0.05),with lower correct rates in the≥61 years old group,Han minority people and students.The main channels for obtaining knowledge on iodine deficiency disorders prevention and control were promotional ma

关 键 词：碘缺乏病 盐类 居民 调查分析 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]