我国煤系共伴生矿产赋存特征及分布规律  

Occurrence characteristics and distribution of paragenetic commercial minerals and associated minerals in coal⁃bearing strata in China

作　　者：吴占伟 黄炳香[1] 赵兴龙[1] 韩晓克 陈大勇[1] 王长申[2] 张清秋 WU Zhanwei;HUANG Bingxiang;ZHAO Xinglong;HAN Xiaoke;CHEN Dayong;WANG Changshen;ZHANG Qingqiu(State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;School of Resources and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2024年第1期29-46,共18页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2902105)。

摘　　要：我国煤系共伴生矿产有85种,种类多、分布广、储量大,具有很高的经济价值和战略价值,按工业属性和用途可分为煤系能源矿产、煤系金属矿产和煤系非金属矿产。系统性分析煤系能源矿产(煤系气、富油煤、油页岩、铀矿)、煤系金属矿产(铝土矿、铁矿、镓、锗、锂、稀土元素)及煤系非金属矿产(硫铁矿、高岭土、耐火黏土、膨润土、隐晶质石墨)的赋存特征和分布规律,总结论述我国14大煤炭基地煤系共伴生矿产赋存分布及开发利用状况。结果表明:煤系共伴生矿产主要赋存于煤层、顶底板中或在煤层附近岩层中单独成矿,分布规律与我国煤炭分布具有一定的相似性,呈现明显的时期性与区域性。我国煤系共伴生矿产形成时期主要集中在石炭-二叠纪、早中侏罗世和晚侏罗世-早白垩世3个成煤期,分布区域主要集中于华北的鄂尔多斯盆地、沁水盆地、华北南部盆地,西北的准噶尔盆地、伊犁盆地、吐哈盆地,东北的松辽盆地、二连盆地,西南的川南黔北地区,以及四川盆地等各大含煤盆地。我国神东基地、晋北基地、晋中基地、晋东基地、云贵基地和新疆基地煤系共伴生矿产种类储量丰富,具有广阔的综合开发利用前景。There are 85 kinds of minerals associated with coal measures in China,with rich species,wide distribution,abundant reserves,high economic and strategic value.According to industrial proper⁃ties and uses,they can be divided into coal measures energy minerals,coal measures metal minerals and coal measures nonmetallic minerals.This paper systematically summarized the occurrence characteristics and distribution of coal measures energy minerals(coal'measures gases,tar⁃rich coal,oil shale,uranium deposits),coal measures metal minerals(bauxite,iron ore,gallium,germanium,lithium,rare earth elements),and coal measures non⁃metallic minerals(pyrite,kaolin,fireclay,bentonite,cryptocrystalline graphite).In addition,it was discussed that the occurrence,distribution,development and utilization of paragenetic commercial minerals and associated minerals in coal⁃bearing strata in 14 major coal production bases in China.The results show that the paragenetic commercial minerals and as⁃sociated minerals in coal measures mainly occurs in the coal seams,roof and floor or in the strata near the coal seams,and the distribution regularity is similar to that of coal in China,showing obvious tem⁃poral and regional characteristics.The paragenetic commercial minerals and associated minerals in coal measures are mainly formed in three coal⁃forming periods in China:Carboniferous⁃Permian,Early⁃Mid⁃dle Jurassic and Late Jurassic⁃Early Cretaceous.The distribution area is mainly concentrated in Ordos Ba⁃sin,Qinshui Basin and southern basin of North China,Junggar Basin,Ili Basin and Tuha Basin of Northwest China,Songliao Basin and Erlian basin of Northeast China,South Sichuan,North Guizhou region,Sichuan Basin of Southwest China and other major coal⁃bearing basins.Coal measures in Shen⁃dong base,Jinbei base,Jinzhong base,Jindong base,Yunnan⁃Guizhou base and Xinjiang base are asso⁃ciated with many kinds of minerals and rich reserves,which have broad prospects for comprehensive de⁃velopment and utilization.

关 键 词：煤系 共生矿产 伴生矿产 赋存特征 矿产分布 煤炭基地 

分 类 号：P617[天文地球—矿床学]