利用GNSS历元间差分测速方法反演地震三要素  

Inversion of Earthquake Parameters with Time Differenced Carrier Method from GNSS Data

作　　者：胡星辉 方荣新[2] 郑佳伟 吕黄晖 HU Xinghui;FANG Rongxin;ZHENG Jiawei;LüHuanghui(School of Geodesy and Geomatics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;GNSS Research Center,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘地理信息》2024年第1期62-66,共5页Journal of Geomatics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1504001);国家自然科学基金(41874038)。

摘　　要：利用高频全球卫星导航系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)记录监测地震可有效弥补传统地震仪近场观测量程饱和、基线偏移等问题。相比于GNSS精密单点定位(precise point positioning,PPP),历元间差分测速方法可避免PPP收敛时间较长、需要外部改正数的问题,且测速方法获取的地震波形具有更高的信噪比。以2021年5月21日青海玛多MS 7.4地震为研究对象,提出利用载波相位历元间差分方法对该地区1 Hz高频GNSS数据进行处理,得到测站速度波形,并确定出玛多地震的震中位置、震级和发震时刻等参数。与中国地震局公布的结果比较,震中位置平均值相差约2.07 km;震级平均值相差约0.06个震级单位;发震时刻平均值相差4 s。结果表明,高频GNSS历元间差分测速方法反演地震三要素具有非常好的准确性与实用性。With a rapid development,GNSS observation has an edge over traditional seismometer in seismic inversion now⁃adays,which includes the supersaturation of near field mea⁃surement and the base-line shift.Compared with the GNSS precise point positioning,Time differenced carrier phase has shorter convergence time and does not need external correc⁃tions.In addition,the earthquake wave from TDCP has high⁃er signal-to-noise ratio.In this study,the method of time dif⁃ferenced carrier phase is proposed to process the 1 Hz high fre⁃quency data of Maduo MS7.4 earthquake which occurred on May 21,2021 in western China.We obtained multi-group ve⁃locity waveforms and extracted the arrival time of seismic wave in order to estimate the epicentral position,magnitude and origin time of earthquake.In contrast to the information published by China Seismological Bureau,the deviation from the average value of epicenter is about 2.07 km,the average magnitude deviation is around 0.06,and the deviation of the average origin time of earthquake is about 4 s.The results show that applying high frequency GNSS observations to in⁃vert earthquake parameters is accurate and effective.

关 键 词：高频GNSS 地震要素 载波相位历元间差分 峰值地面速度 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] P631[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]