基于GPR探测的长江源地区冰川与冻土厚度研究  

Thickness of Glacier and Frozen Soil in the Source Region ofChangjiang River Based on GPR Detection

作　　者：周黎明[1] 张杨[1] ZHOU Li-ming;ZHANG Yang(Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院水利部岩土力学与工程重点实验室,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2024年第3期1-8,共8页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022039);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2023316/YT,CKSF2023307/YT)。

摘　　要：长江源地区的冰川变化揭示了青藏高原气候变化趋势。冰下地形探测作为冰川发育和运动过程研究的基础,对长江地区水土保持和淡水资源储量研究具有指导意义。长江科学院在长达10 a的江源科考基础上,分别于2022年、2023年采用探地雷达(GPR)技术对长江正源沱沱河发源地格拉丹东主峰的冰川厚度进行精准探测,并对查旦湿地冻土厚度上限进行了探测研究。结合多种冰川和冻土地质模型的GPR波场模拟结果,提高了GPR技术在长江源地区冰川和冻土探测的有效性和精准度。探测结果表明,格拉丹东主峰冰川厚度和查旦湿地冻土厚度上限均有不同程度降低,冰川厚度和冻土厚度上限观测是一个常年积累的结果,后续仍需持续进行观测,积累更多数据,分析变化趋势,以估算探测区域内冰储量,研究气候变化对冰川的影响效果。Changes of glacier in the source region of Changjiang(also known as Yangtze)River reveal the climate change trends in the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau.Subglacial topography is crucial for understanding glacier development and movement processes,and is,furthermore,of guiding importance for the soil and water conservation and freshwater resource reserves in the source region of Changjiang River.Based on a decade of scientific expedition and research on the source region,the Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute accurately measured the glacier thickness on the main peak of Geladandong in 2022 and 2023 by employing ground-penetrating radar(GPR).We also conducted investigations on the upper limit of permafrost thickness in the Chatan Wetland.In association with numerical simulations of GPR wave field by multiple glacier and permafrost geological models,we have enhanced the effectiveness and accuracy of GPR in detecting glacier and permafrost in the source region.The findings manifest that both the glacier thickness on the main peak of Geladandong and the upper limit of permafrost in the Chatan Wetland have experienced varying degrees of decline.Long-term observations of glacier thickness and permafrost upper limits are essential and must be continued in order to accumulate more data and analyze trends,thus estimating ice reserves in the detection area and investigating the impacts of climate change on glaciers.

关 键 词：长江源 探地雷达(GPR) 冰川 冻土 气候变化 水土保持 淡水资源储量 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学] P631.3[天文地球—地球物理学]