生物降解地膜对塔额盆地甜菜产量及含糖率的影响  

Effects of biodegradable film on yield and sugar content of sugar beet in Ta’e basin

作　　者：白如霄 王瑞楠 和海秀 马镇南 王旭 范守杰 BAI Ru-xiao;WANG Rui-nan;HE Hai-xiu;MA Zhen-nan;WANG Xu;FAN Shou-jie(Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000;Agricultural Science Research Institute(Animal Husbandry Science Research Institute)of the Ninth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tacheng Xinjiang 834601)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第九师农业科学研究所(畜牧科学研究所),新疆塔城834601

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第12期236-241,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：兵团重点领域科技攻关计划(2018AB036);九师科技攻关(2020JS015)。

摘　　要：为探究生物降解地膜对塔额盆地甜菜产量及含糖率的影响,于2021—2022年在塔额盆地开展2种地膜应用效果试验,以甜菜专用生物降解地膜(BD)和普通聚乙烯地膜(PE)为处理,以露播(CK)为对照,分析不同地膜对土壤温度、土壤含水量、甜菜产量以及含糖率的影响。结果表明,BD和PE处理较CK具有明显的增温保墒作用,3个处理下土壤温度和土壤含水量均表现为PE>BD>CK;BD处理产量、含糖率、产糖量均最高,较PE处理显著提高5.62%、7.91%、15.83%,较CK显著提高19.85%、9.96%、33.96%;BD处理2年当季地膜降解率可达到75.23%和78.43%,可显著减少白色污染。综上所述,在塔额盆地,生物降解地膜在甜菜生长的前期能保持良好的完整性,具有较好的增温保墒效果,同时生物降解地膜可以显著提高甜菜产量、含糖率和产糖量,能够提高收益,建议大面积推广应用。To explore the effects of biodegradable film on the yield and sugar content of sugar beet in Ta’e basin,a field experiment was carried out from 2021 to 2022,two films,including the beet special biodegradation film(BD)and polyethylene film(PE)were used as treatment,and no film(CK)was used as control.The effects of different mulching films on soil temperature,soil water content,sugar content and beet yield were analyzed.The results showed that BD and PE treatments had obvious effects on increasing temperature and keeping soil moisture,compared with CK.The yield,sugar content and sugar yield of BD treatment were the highest,which were 5.62%,7.91%,15.83%higher than those of PE treatment,and 19.85%,9.96%,33.96%higher than those of CK,respectively.The degradation rates of film in BD treatment were 75.23%and 78.43%for 2021 and 2022,respectively.To sum up,biodegradation film can keep good integrity in the early stage of sugar beet growth in Ta’e basin,and shows a good warming effect.At the same time,biodegradation film can significantly improve the sugar beet yield,sugar content,sugar yield and the income,so the large-scale application is recommended.

关 键 词：生物降解地膜 甜菜产量 含糖率 土壤温度 塔额盆地 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]