我国老年人高血压知晓率、控制率、服药率及其影响因素分析——基于2018CLHLS数据分析  

Factors associated with awareness,medication and control of hypertension among hypertensive elderly people in China:data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey

作　　者：粟丽 赵慧明 陈婷 夏浩然 王亚莉[1] SU Li;ZHAO Huiming;CHEN Ting;XIA Haoran;WANG Yali(Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院心脏大血管外科,四川南充637000

出　　处：《现代医学》2024年第1期134-142,共9页Modern Medical Journal

基　　金：南充市社会科学研究“十四五”规划项目(NC23B165)。

摘　　要：目的:探究我国老年人高血压知晓率、控制率、服药率及其影响因素。方法:基于中国老年人健康长寿影响因素追踪调查(CLHLS)2018年横断面数据,采用单因素和Logistic回归分析老年高血压患者血压知晓率、控制率、服药率及其影响因素。结果:共纳入8927人,平均年龄为(84.91±11.38)岁,高血压知晓率为64.6%(95%CI为63.61%~65.59%),控制率为24.9%(95%CI为24%~25.79%),服药率为56.5%(95%CI为55.4%~57.5%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、居住地、居住方式、来源地、是否吸烟、是否饮酒、是否经常锻炼、有无退休金、社区是否有家访服务是老年人高血压知晓率的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、性别、居住地、来源地、婚姻状况、是否饮酒、是否经常锻炼、有无退休金、社区是否有上门服务是老年人服药率的影响因素(P<0.05);老年人中年龄较小者、居住在城市、来源于东部地区、住养老院、不饮酒、经常锻炼、有退休金、社区有上门服务者高血压控制率较高(P<0.05)。结论:与既往调查结果相比,我国老年人高血压知晓率、控制率、服药率呈上升趋势,但与发达国家比仍有差距。老年人高血压知晓率、控制率、服药率与居住地、年龄、来源地、目前是否经常锻炼、经济来源、社区是否有家访服务均有关联。Objective:To explore the blood pressure awareness rate,control rate,medication rate and influencing factors of the elderly in China.Methods:Based on the 2018 cross-sectional data of the influencing factors of health and longevity in China(Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey,CLHLS),univariate and logistic regression were used to analyze the blood pressure awareness rate,control rate,medication rate and its influencing factors in elderly patients with hypertension.Results:A total of 8927 people were included in this study,mean age was(84.91±11.38)years.The awareness rate of hypertension in the elderly was 64.6%(95%CI was 63.61%to 65.59%),control rate of hypertension was 24.9%(95%CI 24%to 25.79%),and medication rate of hypertension was 56.5%(95%CI 55.4%to 57.5%).Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that age,residence,residence mode,origin,smoking,drinking alcohol,regular exercise,having pension,and home visiting services in the community were the influencing factors of the awareness rate of hypertension among the elderly(P<0.05);And age,gender,residence,origin,marital status,drinking,regular exercise,pension,and on-site service in the community were the influencing factors of the medication rate of the elderly(P<0.05);Among the elderly,the blood pressure was better controlled in the younage who live in cities,come from eastern regions,live in nursing homes,do not drink,exercise regularly,have pension,and have home service in the community(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with the previous survey results,the awareness rate,control rate and medication rate of the elderly in China are increasing,but there is still lag behind developed countries.The awareness rate,control rate and medication rate of hypertension in the elderly are all related to their residence,age,source,current regular exercise,economic source,and home visit services in the community.

关 键 词：老年 高血压 知晓率 控制率 服药率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R544[医药卫生—心血管疾病]